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Prenatal Development

Prenatal Development. Lasts approximately 266 days Three Periods: Germinal Embryonic Fetal . Germinal Period. First two weeks after conception

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Prenatal Development

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  1. Prenatal Development • Lasts approximately 266 days • Three Periods: Germinal Embryonic Fetal

  2. Germinal Period • First two weeks after conception • Includes the creation of the zygote, continued cell division, and the attachment of the zygote to the uterine wall

  3. Germinal Period • Blastocyst: groups of cells that will eventually become the embryo • Implantation of the zygote to the uterine wall occurs 6 days after conception

  4. Embryonic Period • Occurs three to eight weeks after conception • Blastocyst attaches to uterine wall; now called an embryo • Cell differentiation intensifies, support systems for the cells form, and organs appear

  5. Embryonic Period • Organogenesis: name given to the process of organ formation during the first two months of prenatal development

  6. Life Support Systems • Amnion: bag-like structure that contains a clear fluid in the which the embryo floats • Chorion: membrane that surrounds the amnion and attaches villi to the uterine lining to gather nourishment; becomes the placenta • Placenta: tissue fed by blood vessels from mother and connected to the embryo • Umbilical Cord: connects the placenta to the embryo

  7. Fetal Period • 9th week of pregnancy until birth • Proliferation of neurons • Neuron differentiation: depends on migration • Stem cell: unspecified cell • Age of viability

  8. Arousal Patterns • Relationship between fetal physiology and infant temperament

  9. Prenatal Testing • Ultrasound Sonography • Chorionic Villus Sampling • Amniocentesis • Maternal Blood Screening

  10. Infertility and Reproductive Technology • 10 to 15 percent of US couples experience infertility • Infertility: inability to conceive after 12 months • May be caused by man or woman • Options for addressing infertility

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