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HUMAN RENAL PHYSIOLOGY: FLUID & ELECTROLYTE BALANCE

HUMAN RENAL PHYSIOLOGY: FLUID & ELECTROLYTE BALANCE. BIOLOGY 305 LABORATORY. ANNOUNCEMENTS. Midterm Exam Stats: X = % Distribution: A = B = C = D = F = . ANNOUNCEMENTS. Oral Presentations week after NEXT: Handout is now posted online Print out for specifications

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HUMAN RENAL PHYSIOLOGY: FLUID & ELECTROLYTE BALANCE

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  1. HUMAN RENALPHYSIOLOGY:FLUID & ELECTROLYTE BALANCE BIOLOGY 305 LABORATORY

  2. ANNOUNCEMENTS • Midterm Exam Stats: • X = % • Distribution: • A = • B = • C = • D = • F =

  3. ANNOUNCEMENTS • Oral Presentations week after NEXT: • Handout is now posted online • Print out for specifications • Poster Presentations are the week following Oral: • Handout will be posted online early next week • Don’t wait until last minute for printing! • You may NOT ask Tim Ford to print poster

  4. CARDIOVASCULAR PHYSIOLOGY Major Objectives: • Determining chronotropy • Testing Starling’s Law of the Heart • Determining inotropy • Determining mechanism of an unknown pharmacological agents

  5. THIS WEEK: HUMAN RENAL PHYSIOLOGY • Osmoregulators: • Most Terrestrial Vertebrates • Maintain body fluid composition and concentration irrespective of surrounding environment

  6. HUMAN RENAL PHYSIOLOGY Renal Anatomy

  7. HUMAN RENAL PHYSIOLOGY • Four Main Processes: • Filtration • Reabsorbtion • Secretion • Excretion

  8. HUMAN RENAL PHYSIOLOGY Functions of the Kidney: • Filtration: • First step in urine formation • Bulk transport of fluid from blood to kidney tubule • Result of hydraulic pressure

  9. HUMAN RENAL PHYSIOLOGY Functions of the Kidney: • Reabsorbtion: • Process of returning filtered material to bloodstream • 99% of what is filtered • May involve transport protein(s)

  10. HUMAN RENAL PHYSIOLOGY Functions of the Kidney: • Secretion: • Material added to lumen of kidney • Active transport (usually) of toxins and foreign substances

  11. HUMAN RENAL PHYSIOLOGY Functions of the Kidney: • Excretion: • Loss of fluid from body in form of urine

  12. HUMAN RENAL PHYSIOLOGY Sources of Water Input: • Food & drink: • Cellular respiration:

  13. HUMAN RENAL PHYSIOLOGY Sources of Output: • Urine • Fecal matter • Evaporative loss through skin & respiration

  14. HUMAN RENAL PHYSIOLOGY Conservation of Water: • Terrestrial animals often face dehydration

  15. HUMAN RENAL PHYSIOLOGY Regulation of Fluid Volume: • Kidneys influence fluid volume by: • Altering water content of urine: • Removal of H2O in urine = • Substances that cause diuresis =

  16. HUMAN RENAL PHYSIOLOGY Retention of Water is controlled by ADH: • ADH Release Is Triggered By:

  17. HUMAN RENAL PHYSIOLOGY When Body Fluid Osmolarity Increases (280+ mOsmols):

  18. HUMAN RENAL PHYSIOLOGY Regulation of Sodium: • On average, an adult takes in 9 g/NaCl/day

  19. HUMAN RENAL PHYSIOLOGY Sodium Balance Is Controlled By Aldosterone • Aldosterone: • Steroid hormone • Synthesized in Adrenal Cortex

  20. HUMAN RENAL PHYSIOLOGY Sodium Balance Is Controlled By Aldosterone: • Aldosterone Release: • Inhibition of Aldosterone:

  21. HUMAN RENAL PHYSIOLOGY A Few Situations Encountered in Lab: • Increase Fluid Vol/Decrease Osmolarity • Drink pure H2O • Norm Fluid Vol/Increase Osmolarity • Salty popcorn (no drink)

  22. HUMAN RENAL PHYSIOLOGY • Urinalysis • White Blood Cells • Nitrites • Proteins • Glucose • Ketones • pH • Urobilinogen • Bilirubin

  23. HUMAN RENAL PHYSIOLOGY • Try not to eat or drink 2 hours before lab • Exception: water • If you have dietary restrictions or a medical condition, please let your TA know ASAP!

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