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Hosting Your Web Site The focus of this chapter is on several learning objectives ISPs and the services they offer How to choose an ISP How to register a domain name Role of application service providers How to select an ASP to suit your needs Terms to Know
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Hosting Your Web Site © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc
The focus of this chapter is on several learning objectives • ISPs and the services they offer • How to choose an ISP • How to register a domain name • Role of application service providers • How to select an ASP to suit your needs © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc
Terms to Know • Internet Service Provider (ISP): company that connects customers with PCs and browsers to the Internet • Virtual hosting: a company with its own domain name, hosted by an ISP to conduct business via the Internet • Virtual domain: a company with its own domain name, hosted by an ISP to conduct business via the Internet • Domain name: a company’s identifier in cyberspace © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc
Why Use an ISP? • Most client organizations are anxious to go on the Internet without questioning the reliability of the ISP that can accommodate their Web site • There is more to deciding on an ISP than price: • Technology • Staffing • Speed • Amount of congestion • Resources to host your own Web site: • Hardware - A Web server, communication gear, and a special router: $5,000 to $18,000 a year • Communications - Typically a T1 or fractional T1 line: $8,000 to $12,000 per year • Staff - At least a Webmaster, a Web designer, and a help desk: $45,000 to $80,000 per year • Total - $58,000 to $110,000 per year © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc
The Infrastructure of an ISP Provider • Your company Web site has to be stored on a Web server that is always connected to the Internet by a high-speed link • An ISP should provide: • Standby electric power as backup to keep the site available in the event of a blackout. • Redundant fault-tolerant servers to ensure that your Web site will continue in the event of a hard drive or a server breaks down. • Redundant communications lines to keep your site active in the event a phone line or a router goes down • One or more firewalls to protect your Web site from hackers or unauthorized access. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc
Web Site Infrastructure © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc
Types of Service Providers • Internet service provider (ISP): a specialized business that offers Internet access • Applications service provider: offers packaged software for lease online • Wireless application service provider (WASP): a company that offers untethered applications; hosting, developing, and managing applications are similar to that of an ASP • Business service provider (BSP): and Internet service developer that rents only its own proprietary applications via the Web • Whole service provider (WSP): a service provider that packages a selection of BSP applications for distribution online © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc
Types of Web Hosting Services • Web Hosting: providing, managing, and maintaining hardware, software, content integrity, security, and reliable high-speed Internet connections • Four types of Web hosting services: • Dial-up access • Developer’s hosting • Web hosting only • Industrial-strength hosting © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc
From you to the ISP • Winsock TCP/IP protocol stack on PC separates message into packets • Packets converted to analog format by modem • Analog signal sent over ordinary telephone line • Receiving modem coverts from analog back to digital • ISP sends from its computer to a dedicated connection to some bigger ISP © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc
The Backbone of the Internet • Backbone: a cluster of competing companies called network service providers. • Backbones a usually fiber optic trunk lines with extremely high bandwidths. • Backbones connect major network nodes and allow smaller ISPs access to the internet • One NSP (Sprint) backbone map of USA © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc
Packets, Routers, and Routes on the Internet © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc
Internet Service Providers © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc
Selected Connection Types, Features and Speed (costs are estimates) © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc
Internet Backbone from UUNET © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc
ISP Structure and Services • ISPs connect to NSPs • Two types of ISPs • Facilities-based ISPs have significant start-up costs associated with hardware and software purchases and Internet access leases • Virtual ISPs do not have any of these costs • Marketing and sales to generate new customers • Residential customers • Commercial customers • Public customers © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc
ISP Services • An ISP provides a variety of service - the expectations of any customer are for main services to include: • Domain name server (DSN): a repository where the domain name for each ISP is stored • E-mail: the most commonly used service on the Internet • Radius server: a network access server that authenticates a user’s ID and password and triggers accounting to complete the customer’s chargeable session © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc
ISP Optional Service • World Wide Web server • File transfer protocol (FTP) • Internet relay chat (IRC): a text-based chat service, where users connect to a local server as part of a larger network of IRC servers • News Server • HTTP proxy service © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc
Technical Services • A T1 lineis a digital carrier line that transmits digital signals at 1.544 Mbps • A T3 line transmit digital signals at 44,736 Mbps • Fiber-optic-based Internet: A minimum of two servers of each type are needed to launch a start-up ISP • A broadband connectionon the Internet means many times the speed of the old dial-up service via modems © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc
Technical Services (Cont’d) • Four types of broadband available for home access are: • Cable modems • Digital subscriber line (DSL) • Fiber-optic networks • Wireless technology © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc
Factors In Choosing an ISP © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc
Major Consumer Problems with ISPs • Paying with a Debit Card • Technical support that turns out not to be free • Dialing a number to connect to the ISP that is not a local call • Trouble canceling an account • Identity theft and the problems that ensue © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc
Checking out an ISP • Find someone with experience who’s been using the ISP for at least three months and ask how good they find the service • Find out the number of users the ISP has in your area and the number of modems in use at the ISP • Find out the pipe each ISP uses to the Internet • What is the number of employees the ISP has and the range of service it offers? © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc
Trends • Growing trend toward no-fee and cut-rate Internet services • Microsoft’s Hotmail • GMAIL from Google • NetZero Inc., has close to 2 million registered users • The business of free ISPs is uncertain • ISPs generate brand loyalty through portal services • Speed is what everyone wants © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc
Services to Expect From ISP • Register you domain name • Capture and forward your e-mail • Host your Web site • Provide technical and managerial support • Give on-the-road support © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc
Sending a Message to Another Computer • The sending PC has a unique IP address that takes the form xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx, where each set of xxx’s is between 0 and 255 • TCP breaks the message into specific bits called packets for easy transmission • Each packet has the sender’s IP address so it won’t get lost • On the receiving end, TCP checks to make sure all packets are assembled correctly to present the message intact © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc
Importance of a Domain Name • A URL should be easy to remember and should represent what the company is all about • Make sure the domain name is officially in your name • Consider registering the following kinds of domain names: • One or two close names • Unique product domain name • Ideal company domain name • A URL has three major parts: • http:// - Internet protocol • www.virginia.edu - The domain name • /schls.html - A subdirectory of the file © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc
Choosing a Domain Name • List the possible domain names that fit your organization’s image, products, or services • Ask friends, peers, employees, and others who use the Web • Narrow the list to a few favorites • You want to check for availability( www.internic.net ) • If the name is not in active use, then proceed with domain name registration © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc
.arts .firm .info Legal Issues When Choosing Domain Names • Determine if the proposed domain name infringes on trademarks • Make sure the proposed domain name does not adversely affect any famous trademark • Register as a federal trademark with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office • Register the proposed domain name with InterNic or Network Solutions (NSI) • Look for expanded top-level domain names and registries • .nom • .per and .nom • .rec • .store • .web © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc
Registering Your Domain Name • Two ways to register: • On your own • Through an ISP • ISP charges about $50 for processing in addition to the registration fee • Possible pitfalls: • Overcharging • Domain name status • Backup • Contractual language © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc
Three FAQs About Domain Names • What is involved in registering a domain name in .com, .net, or .org? • How long does a registration last? • Can the registrar be changed after registering a domain name? © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc
Definition of Application Service Provider (ASP) • An organization that hosts software applications on its own servers within its own facilities • An Internet service provider that also sells application software that runs behind the Web servers at the hosting service • Companies that sell, support, and manage applications that are hosted on the Internet on behalf of remote end users • An extension of the ISP business offering Web-based applications as well as Internet access © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc
Services Offered by ASP • Owns and operates a software application • Owns, operates, and maintains the servers that run the application • Employs the staff to maintain the application • Makes the application available to customers everywhere via the Internet, normally in a browser • Bills either on a per-use basis or on a monthly/annual fee basis. In many cases, the ASP can provide the service for free or even pay the customer. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc
Benefits of ASP • Outsourcing to an ASP lets the firm concentrate on its core competencies • ASPs can keep their technical environment up-to-date • Employ highly skilled and talented staff • An ASP can cut monthly costs of application ownership • Internet bandwidth shifts to the ASP © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc
Service Level Agreement • Service Level Agreement (SLA): a contract between the user and the ASP vendor stating the vendor’s commitments to ensure reliable delivery of information. • Shaking hands is not enough. • Successful outsourcing of any application will require accountability, performance, and remediation to be spelled out and agreed upon by all parties. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc
Chapter Summary • Internet service providers (ISPs) are attractive to many companies for several reasons: • Specialized staff to manage Web sites • High-speed connectivity to main Internet hubs • Real physical security from power outages • The latest technology • ISPs can belong to one of three categories: • Large wholesale access provider • Smaller Internet backbone provider • Local ISP © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc
Chapter Summary (Cont’d) • Hosting a Web site involves three major items: hardware, communications network and qualified staff. • There are four types of service providers: ISPs, ASPs, BSPs, and WSPs. • The backbone of the Internet is the group of network service providers that work together to provide total interconnection. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc
Chapter Summary (Cont’d) • Shopping for a Web-hosting ISP involves: • align bandwidth • connection availability and performance • virtual hosting • number of e-mail addresses allowed per account • ISP stability and staying power • Free local access • Customer service and technical support • ISP reliability and cost of service © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc
Chapter Summary (Cont’d) • For online marketing, an ISP should be capable of: • Registering your domain name • Capturing and forwarding e-mail • Hosting the Web site • Technical and managerial support • On-the-road support • Your domain name is the “house” for your Web site, e-mail, and other e-commerce transactions • Wireless application service provider (WASP) handles untethered applications © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc
Chapter Summary (Cont’d) • ASPs are services provided through the Internet • To consider becoming an ISP, it is important to: • consider the target market • services to provide • technical requirements • type of provider to be © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc