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Implementation of energy accounts in Finland

Implementation of energy accounts in Finland. The 7th Oslo Group Meeting, Helsinki 25.10.2012 Jonna Hakala jonna.hakala@stat.fi. Background. Energy accounts were the first application of Natural resource accounting compiled at Statistics Finland in late 1980s, on 1985 data

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Implementation of energy accounts in Finland

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  1. Implementation of energy accounts in Finland The 7th Oslo Group Meeting, Helsinki 25.10.2012 Jonna Hakala jonna.hakala@stat.fi

  2. Background • Energy accounts were the first application of Natural resource accounting compiled at Statistics Finland in late 1980s, on 1985 data • The application was updated in 1995, on 1990 data • Physical Energy Flow Accounts are one module of environmental accounting regulation of the EU • The module is expected to come into force in 2015, and accounts on years 2013-2015 have to be reported to Eurostat in December 2017 • Project on energy accounts in Finland started in spring 2012 Jonna Hakala

  3. Objectives • Energy accounts compatible with other modules of physical and monetary environmental accounts, such as • Air emission accounts • Economy-wide material flow accounts • Environmentally related taxes by economic activity • Compilation system of physical supply and use tables for energy flows in Finland 2008-2011 • Identification of elements of energy accounting calculation system that could be integrated into planned production system of energy statistics Jonna Hakala

  4. Risks • The biggest risk of the project is the availability and quality of the data at detailed classification levels required for product flows and branches of industry (NACE A*64) • Especially the energy use of the service sector may be problematic to disaggregate into such detailed level Jonna Hakala

  5. Organisation • Project group consists of experts on • environmental accounts • energy statistics • air emission statistics and accounts • monetary supply-use tables • Units represented in the steering group • Environment and Energy Statistics • Greenhouse Gas Inventory • National Accounts Jonna Hakala

  6. The main steps • Identification of data sources • Energy statistics, Energy balance • Data from monetary supply-use tables • Other data sources • Development of methodology and calculation system • Identification of links to production system of energy statistics • Testing the system of energy accounts with 2010 data • Improvements to calculation system • Supply-use tables 2008-2011 Jonna Hakala

  7. Energy accounts • Physical Energy Flow Accounts (PEFA): Supply-use tables including all energy forms and fuels • Basic structure adopted from the System of Environmental-Economic Accounting (SEEA) • Natural inputs, products, residuals; more than 100 items • All branches of industry (NACE A*64), households, accumulation, import and export, environment • Unit: Terajoule • The main differences with respect to energy statistics: • Branches of industry highly disaggregated, especially in manufacturing industries and services • Residence principle as in National Accounts Jonna Hakala

  8. Flows in energy accounts • NATURAL INPUTS(RESOURCE FLOWS, energy statistics classification) • Non Renewables • Uranium and thorium ores • Anthracite • Coking coal • Other bituminous coal • Sub-bituminous coal • Lignite/Brown Coal • Peat • Crude oil • Natural gas liquids • Other hydrocarbons • Natural gas • Renewables • Hydro power • Wind power • Solar thermal (resource: solar radiation) • Solar PV (resource: solar radiation) • Tide, Wave and Ocean • Geothermal energy • Biomass for energy use • PRODUCTS (PRODUCT FLOWS, CPA classification, 69 items) • Other vegetal material and waste • Wood • Hard coal • Lignite • Peat • Crude oil • Black liquor • … • Motor gasoline, kerosene • Electrical energy • Biogas • ... • Municipal wastes (renewables) • Municipal wastes (non-renewables) • Industrial wastes • RESIDUALS (RESIDUAL FLOWS) • Waste (without monetary value) • Losses during extraction/abstraction • Losses during distribution/transaction • Losses during storage • Dissipative heat • ... Jonna Hakala

  9. Branches of industry in energy accounts Jonna Hakala

  10. Summary • Good starting points • Clear target: physical input and output of energy by fuel/product and by branch of industry • Close co-operation between energy statisticians, environmental accountants and national accountants • Domestic demand of energy accounts connected to air emission accounts, material flow accounts, environmental taxes and monetary supply-use tables • Challenges • Very detailed level of product flows and branches of industry (NACE A*64), especially on services • Modelling and estimates needed for disaggregation and residence principle -approach • Data confidentiality of some branches and products Jonna Hakala

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