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HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL MEASUREMENTS

HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL MEASUREMENTS. ENG 205 CE-ME-MECE-MSE. Vertical(adj.): going straight up or down from a level surface or from a top to bottom in a picture etc. Syn: perpendicular Vertically (adv.) Horizontal(adj.): parallel to the ground or to the bottom or top edge of something .

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HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL MEASUREMENTS

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  1. HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL MEASUREMENTS ENG 205 CE-ME-MECE-MSE

  2. Vertical(adj.): going straight up or down from a level surface or from a top to bottom in a picture etc. Syn: perpendicular Vertically (adv.) Horizontal(adj.): parallel to the ground or to the bottom or top edge of something. Horizontally (adv.)

  3. e.g: If you place vertical lines next to horizontal lines, the difference between the two is 90 degrees. e.g: You can use horizontal and vertical lines as a guide when editing your drawings. e.g: The depth of a lake is measured vertically from the surface of the water. e.g: Measure the aircraft’s body horizontally to learn how wide it is.

  4. What is dimension? • Dimension is a measurement of something in a particular direction, especially its height, length or width. Abbr. Dimension - dim Dimensions - dims. e.g: Don’t forget to measure the dimensions ofthe shelves so that they fit securely into the cabinet. e.g: An average football pitch has the dimensions of 105m by 68m.

  5. What is the difference between 2D and 3D? • in a 2-D picture the objects look flat rather than solid. • in a 3-D picture, the objects look real and solid instead of looking like a normal flat picture. (depth as well as length and width.)

  6. Linear Dimensions • Linear dimensions, or linear units, measure the distance between two points. Since two points define a line, the units of distance are sometimes called "linear" units or dimensions. • Some linear dimensions are • centimeters and inches, • meters and feet, • kilometers and miles...

  7. Vocabulary items • Measure (v): to find the size, quantity, etc. of something in standard units. Measuring something puts the amount of the thing into numbers. e.g: The area in front of our house was measured yesterday. It’s 1 kilometre by 2 kilometres. • Measurement (n): The act or the process of finding the size, quantity or degree of something. e.g: In order to reduce measurement error, take several measurements and compute their average. e.g: The exact measurements of the room are 3 metres 20 by 5 metres.

  8. Vocabulary items • Plane (n): a flat or level surface or an imaginary flat surface which continues in all directions. • Vertical Plane: a plane that passes through a vertical line. It is perpendicular to the ground. • Horizontal Plane: an imaginary plane which is at a right angle to the vertical plane. It extends horizontally.

  9. Vertical and Horizontal Planes

  10. Vocabulary items • Span (n): 1) the distance between two points. 2) The part of a bridge between one vertical support and another. e.g: In 1955, a two-span bridge was built to carry trains across to the river. a single span bridge a two-span bridge

  11. Vocabulary items • Wingspan(n): the distance between the end of one wing and the end of the other when the wings are fully stretched. e.g: The green glider has a wingspan of 9 meters.

  12. Vocabulary items • Width (n): the distance across something from one side to the other. E.g: The additional cabin width offers passengers wider seats and more aisle space. I___cabin(internal) width___I

  13. Vocabulary items • Extremity (n): the furthest point, especially from the centre. E.g. An extra engine was installed at the rear extremity of the aircraft. • Thickness (n): the size of something between opposite surfaces or sides. Syn. Width E.g. The walls are at least two feet in thickness.

  14. Read the web page (dimensions of Airbus A380) in the book and answer the questions. • What is overall length? Overall Length is the measurement which is taken between the two points that are furthest apart, along the length (the whole distance along it) of the aircraft. • How is the overall height of an aircraft measured? Overall height is measured vertically between the underside of the wheels and a horizontal plane touching the top of the tail.

  15. How is external width (maximum fuselage width) measured? External width of an aircraft is measured horizontally between vertical planes touching the outside faces of the fuselage (body).

  16. Dimensions of an aircraft A ? B ? C ? D ? A - Overall height B - Wingspan C - Maximum fuselage width D – Overall length

  17. Vocabulary items • Level (adj.): horizontal and flat. E.g: I couldn’t place the theodolite properly because the ground was not level. • Incline (n): to lean or slope in a particular direction. Inclined (adj.): sloping; at an angle. E.g: In this picture the surface has an incline of twenty degrees.

  18. Vocabulary items • Plumb (adj.): exactly straight, usually describing a vertical surface or line. E.g. When you hang a door, you need to make sure that it is both level and plumb. • Out of plumb: not straight vertically. E.g. Tower of Pisa is about 15 feet out of plumb.

  19. EXERCISES & OVER TO YOU

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