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Iranian Hostage Crisis

Iranian Hostage Crisis. 1951 – Iranian Prime Minister, Mohammad Mossadegh placed oil industry under gov. control Infuriated western nations - owned oil companies in Iran Boycotted oil  Iran economy faltered  US feared they would turn to USSR for aid

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Iranian Hostage Crisis

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  1. Iranian Hostage Crisis

  2. 1951 – Iranian Prime Minister, Mohammad Mossadegh placed oil industry under gov. control • Infuriated western nations - owned oil companies in Iran • Boycotted oil  Iran economy faltered  US feared they would turn to USSR for aid • CIA helped w/ coup to oust Mossadegh, Shah took power 1953

  3. US supported Shah w/ political and military assistance for: • Ally against communism • Iran’s oil • Shah increasing unpopular with people • Corrupt and dictatorial tactics • Secret police tortured thousands, executions w/out trials The Shah’s Regime

  4. January 1979 • Muslim religious leader, Ayatollah Ruhollak Khomeini: • led rebels to overthrow shah • Est. religious state based on strict obedience to Qur’an Revolution Ayatollah Khomeini

  5. Years of support for Shah • 1979, exiled Shah received cancer treatment in US • Demands for Shah to be returned to Iran for trial Anti-Americanism

  6. Nov. 4, 1979 – armed students seized U.S. embassy to Tehran • 52 American hostages • Demanded: • US sends shah back to Iran for trial and execution • Return Shah's money to the Iranian People • Promise no more U.S. involvement in Iran and apologize for previous involvements • Originally, only intended for a short time Hostage Crisis

  7. Economic Sanctions • Placed Embargo on Iranian Oil • Freezes all Iranian assets in U.S. • Military Actions – “Operation Eagleclaw” or “Desert One” • Failed military operation to retrieve the hostages • 8 Marines killed after helicopter malfunctions • Hurts Carter’s chance for re-election 1980 Carter’s management of Crisis

  8. After months of negotiations, Iran agreed to release the hostages. • Demand money to help finance the Iran-Iraq War • Hostages released minutes after Reagan's presidential inauguration. • Crisis lasted 444 days Hostages Released

  9. American Realizations • Limits of American Power • Limits to Nation’s resources • Heightened Iranian-American hostilities • Creates a lot of tension between 2 countries • Americans realize the hostility towards them present in Middle East. Effects

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