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CSCI-235 Micro-Computers in Science

CSCI-235 Micro-Computers in Science. The Internet and World Wide Web. The Internet. A network of networks Began in 1969 as ARPAnet (Advanced Research Projects Agency) No central authority and thus impossible to state the precise size. The Internet and Web: What’s the Difference?.

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CSCI-235 Micro-Computers in Science

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  1. CSCI-235Micro-Computers in Science The Internet and World Wide Web

  2. The Internet • A network of networks • Began in 1969 as ARPAnet (Advanced Research Projects Agency) • No central authority and thus impossible to state the precise size The Internet and World Wide Web: Welcome to Cyberspace

  3. The Internet and Web: What’s the Difference? • The Internet is the physical connection of millions of networks • The Web uses the Internet for its existence • The Web consists of hypertext embedded on Web pages that are hosted on Web sites • Began in 1991 at the European Particle Physics Laboratory (CERN) in Switzerland The Internet and World Wide Web: Welcome to Cyberspace

  4. Web Browsers and Servers • Web browsers display a Web document and enable users to link to other Web pages • The first browsers were text-only • Mosaic was the first graphical browser • Web servers respond to the requests of browsers. They find and send requested resources back to the browser The Internet and World Wide Web: Welcome to Cyberspace

  5. Menu Bar File Edit View Favorites Tools Help Address Bar URL Toolbar Back Button Forward Button Stop Refresh Home Search Favorites History Microsoft Internet Explorer The Internet and World Wide Web: Welcome to Cyberspace

  6. Tool Bar Menu Bar Address Bar Hyperlink Status Bar The Internet and World Wide Web: Welcome to Cyberspace

  7. Uniform Resource Locator (URL) • Web addresses are an addressing system that identifies where a Web resource is located • The uniform resource locator (URL) is the standard used to identify Web resources • The URL consists of: Protocolidentifies the means of access Server contains the domain name of the Web server Path identifies the location of the document Resourcespecifies the filename of the resource shop-01.html URL http:// www.yahoo.com/ help/ shop/ The Internet and World Wide Web: Welcome to Cyberspace

  8. Search Engines • A program that systematically searches the Web for documents on a specific topic • Uses a key word or words as a query • Several search engines are available • Each search engine has its own database • No search engine is best • Uses Boolean (logical) operators • Returns “hits” or documents once search has been submitted The Internet and World Wide Web: Welcome to Cyberspace

  9. Search Rules and Techniques • Specify Boolean operators • AND -- Includes all findings of both key words • OR -- Looks for only one of the specified key words • NOT -- Allows you to exclude certain key words • Use multiple search engines • Read online help about search criteria used for a particular search engine The Internet and World Wide Web: Welcome to Cyberspace

  10. Popular Web Search Engines The Internet and World Wide Web: Welcome to Cyberspace

  11. Security and Privacy • Secure transactions • Https protocol • Encryption • Privacy • A cookie is a small file written to your disk each time you visit a site The Internet and World Wide Web: Welcome to Cyberspace

  12. HTML • HTML – HyperText Markup Language: language for all Web documents • HTML Codes-Necessary to format the page The Internet and World Wide Web: Welcome to Cyberspace

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