Lesson One

1. Lesson One TSWBAT: CO 1. Describe what causes a person to experience stress. CO 2. Identify four general types of stressors. Language Objectives LO 1. Using an organizer list the four general types of stressors and list at least three examples of each.

2. Critical Vocabulary Stress Eustress Distress Stressor Catastrophe

3. Warm-up Myth: Fact: Writing: Your are invited to a friend’s birthday party. What about the situation could cause you to experience stress.

4. What Causes Stress? Stress is the response of your body and mind to being challenged or threatened. You experience stress when situations, events, or people make demands on your body and mind. Stress can be positive or negative. Stress that is positive is called eustress. Eustress may help you escape from a dangerous situation or accomplish a goal. Stress that is negative is called a distress. Distress can take a negative toll on your performance and your health. Stress has a variety of causes. An event or situation that causes stress is called a stressor. Four general types of stressors are major life changes, catastrophes, everyday problems, and environmental problems.

5. Major Life Change Major life changes include both positive changes, such as graduating from high school, and negative changes, such as having a serious illness. Even a positive life change can be stressful. A catastrophe is an event that threatens lives and may destroy property. Experiencing a catastrophe can be extremely stressful. A person who experiences a catastrophe may have to deal with the psychological effects for years after the event. Everyday problems such as hassles, conflict, and the pressure to succeed can cause stress. Environmental problems such as noise, unsafe conditions, or crowded conditions can also cause stress.

6. Adolescent Life-Change Events 21. Attending a new school 22. Moving to a new home 23. Change in appearance,( brace, glasses) 24. Hassling with brother/sister 25. Starting menstrual cycle (females) 26. Having someone new move in 27. Starting a job 28. Mother getting pregnant 29. Starting to date 30. Making new friends 31. Brother or sister getting married • Death of a parent • Death of a sister or brother • Close friend dying • Parents getting divorced • Failing one or more subjects in school • Being arrested by police • Flunking a grade in school • Family member having trouble with alcohol • Getting into drugs or alcohol • Losing a favorite pet • Parent or relative getting very sick • Losing a job • Breaking up with a girl/boyfriend • Quitting school • Pregnancy of a close friend • parent losing a job • Getting very sick or badly hurt • Hassling with parents • Trouble with teacher or principal • Having problems wit acne, weight, height

7. Adolescent Life-Change Event Scale • 98 • 95 • 92 • 86 • 86 • 85 • 84 • 79 • 77 • 77 • 77 12. 74 13. 74 14. 73 15. 69 16. 69 17. 64 18. 64 19. 63 20. 63 21. 57 22. 51 23. 47 24. 46 25. 45 26. 35 27. 34 28. 31 29. 31 30. 27 31. 26 SCORING: Add the points for each event that you have experienced over the past Year . Of the people with 300 points during the year, 80% will get sick. With 150 to 299 you have a 50% chance of getting sick. With less than 150 points have a 30% Chance of getting sick. It is important to know that you can significantly decrease your chances of serious illness by decreasing the amount of stress in your life. You can control many of these changes by anticipating them and planning for them. By anticipating change you better prepare yourself to handle stress

8. What is Stress? • Give two examples of positive stress. a. ___________________________ b. ___________________________ • Give two examples of negative stress. a. ___________________________ b. ___________________________

9. Many Causes of Stress Catastrophe c. _____________ _____________ d. _____________ _____________ • Major Life changes • _____________ • _____________ • _____________ • _____________ Stressors Environmental Problems g. _______________ _______________ h. _______________ _______________ Everyday Problems e. ______________ ______________ f. ______________ ______________

10. Practice Stress is how your mind and body respond to a threat or challenge. Something that causes stress is called a stressor. Stressors can cause positive stress, eustress, and negative stress, or distress.

11. Application Read the story write the events that might be a stressors. At 7:30 a snowy evening, Vince and the other members of his band are setting up for their first big performance. They are the opening band at a concert to raise money for hurricane relief. The hurricane destroyed hundreds of homes. Vince feels good about helping the relief effort, but so far nothing has gone right. Before he could leave for the concert hall, he had to spend 20 minutes shoveling his car out of the snow. Kenji couldn’t find his favorite drumsticks, and Vince is worried that the hall is too cold for him to keep his guitar tune. Rashinda is distracted because she just found out that her sister is getting married. After tuning his guitar, Vince looks up and sees the first members of the audience arriving. Rashinda gives him a thumbs-up sign and he starts to grin. It’s time to go to work.

12. Application • Answer the following questions • Identify one example of each general type of stressor. • Major life change _______________________________ • Catastrophe ____________________________________ • Everyday problem _______________________________ • 2. Select a stressor you wrote down that you think might cause distress, • and explain why. • 3. Select a stressor you wrote down that you think might cause eustress, • and explain why.

13. Review • What is stress? Explain how stress can be both positive and negative. • When do people experience stress? • What is meant by the term stressor? • List the four general types of stressors and give an example of each type. Critical Thinking 5. Applying concepts: list five stressful experiences that you have faced in the past two weeks. Next to each, note whether it was a positive or negative experience for you.

14. Lesson Quiz 1 • A • C • A • C • B • FALSE • TRUE • FALSE • FALSE • FALSE

15. Lesson Two TSWBAT: CO 1. List in order the three stages of the body’s response to stress. CO 2. Identify four types of early warning signs for stress. CO 3. Describe the relationship between stress and illness. Language Objectives LO 1. Using a diagram of the human body label what happens to the body during the flight-or-fight response. LO 2. Using an organizer show he warning signs of stress and show what type of behavioral changes the body goes through.

16. Critical Vocabulary Fight-or-Flight response

17. How Stress Affects Your Body • The body’s response to stress occurs in three Stages-the alarm, the resistance and the exhaustion stage. • During the alarm stage, your body releases adrenaline. Adrenaline, causes your heart to beat faster, your breathing to speed up, and your muscles to tense. The initial • response of your body to stress called flight-or-fight response. • If you are unable to respond successfully to a stressor during the alarm stage, your body moves into the resistance stage. During the resistance stage, your body adapts to the presence of the stressor. The symptoms from the alarm stage disappear, but the • work your body does during this stage uses a lot of energy. So you may become tired and irritable. • If the stressor continues for a long time, your body enters the exhaustion stage. At this stage, your physical and emotional recourses are depleted.

18. Warning Signs • Recognizing the warning signs of stress may help you prevent some of its negative effects on your health. The warning signs of stress include changes in how your body functions and changes in emotions, thoughts, and behaviors. Once you recognize your individual warning signs of stress, it is important to identify the stressor. • Server or prolonged stress can affect your health. Stress can trigger certain illnesses, reduce the body;s ability to fight an illness, and make some diseases harder to control.For example, stress can trigger stomachaches, asthma attacks, and headaches. Prolonged stress can also reduce the ability of your body’s immune system to fight diseases. As a result, you may develop minor illnesses such as colds, and more often. Some effects of prolonged stress may not show up until later in life, in diseases such as heart disease.

19. Warm-up Health Stats: Is there a relationship between stress and the risk of catching a cold? Writing: Predict why, being in a prolonged stressful situation might increase the likelihood of getting a cold.

20. Stages of Stress 1. Fill in the sequence with details about the three stages of the stress response. Alarm Stage • _________________________________________ • _________________________________________ • _________________________________________ • _________________________________________ Resistance Stage e. __________________________________________ f. ___________________________________________ g.___________________________________________ Exhaustion Stage h. __________________________________________ i. ___________________________________________

21. Recognizing Signs of Stress List some warning signs of stress. 2. Physical changes include a. ____________________ b.____________________ 3. Emotional changes include a. ____________________ b. ____________________ 4. Changes in thinking include a. ____________________ b. ____________________ 5. Behavioral changes include a. ___________________ b. ___________________ c. ______________________ d. ______________________ c. ______________________ d. ______________________ c. ______________________ d. ______________________ c. ______________________ d. ______________________

22. Stress and Illness 6. Complete the graphic organizer by listing some ways that stress can affect health. Effects a. _____________________________________ b. ______________________________________ Cause Stress c. ______________________________________ d. ______________________________________ e. ______________________________________

23. Fight-or-Flight When the body reacts to stress, all of the body systems respond. Refer to the diagram to determine whether each of the following body functions increase or decrease during the flight-or-fight response. Write increases or decreases on the line provided. • Nervous and Endocrine Systems ________ 1. Adrenaline released into blood ________ 2. Blood flow to Brain B. Sense Organs ________ 3. Perception of light C. Digestive System ________ 4. Rate of digestion ________ 5. Stomach acid produced ________ 6. Energy produced by cells

24. Continued D. Cardiovascular System ________ 7. Rate of breathing ________ 8. Heart rate ________ 9. Blood pressure ________10. Flow of blood to skin ________11. Ability of blood to clot E. Excretory system _______ 12. Sweating F. Muscular System _______ 13. Muscle tenseness 14. Critical Thinking: which of the responses to stress described in the diagram do you think causes each of the following? • Clammy hands d. Looking pale • Knots in the stomach • Knocking knees or shaking hands

25. Flight or Fight (T) When your body reacts to stress, all of the body systems respond. Refer to the diagram to determine whether each of the following body functions increase or decrease during the fight-or-fight response. Write Increase or Decrease on the line provided.

26. Application • Nervous System F. Muscular System ___1. Adrenaline released into blood ___13. Muscle tenseness ___2. Blood flow to brain 14. Critical Thinking B. Sense Organs Which of the responses to stress described ___3. Perception of light in the diagram do you think causes each of C. Cardiovascular System the following ___4. Rate of breathing a. Clammy hands ___________________ ___5. Heart rate b. Knots in stomach _________________ ___6. Blood pressure c. Knocking knees or shaking hands ____ ___7. Flow of blood to skin d. Looking pale ____________________ ___8. Ability of blood to clot D. Digestive System and Metabolism ___9. Rate of digestion __10. Stomach acid produced __11. Energy produced by cells E. Excretory System __12. Sweating

27. Warning signs of Stress • Before you can deal with stress, you need to be able to recognize • the warning signs of stress. Use the transparency to answer the • following questions. • What are four categories of warning signs? • Use the categories you identified in Question 1 to classify each of • the following warning signs. • Sleep problems______________________________ • Muscle tension______________________________ • Skin rash___________________________________ • Negative thinking____________________________ • Anger_____________________________________ • Being impatient_____________________________ • Talking fast________________________________ • Being critical________________________________

28. Warning signs of Stress 3. You meet a friend on the way to school. He tells you that he has a bad headache and he only slept for a few hours last night. Does this mean your friend is experiencing stress? Explain. 4. Think about how you felt the last time you were under stress. Which of the warning signs in the chart did you experience? 5.Critical Thinking:Why do you think it is important for a person to be able to recognize his or her warning signs of stress

29. Practice To deal with stress, you might be able to identify its warning signs. The signs can be behavioral, physical, mental or emotional. Identifying warning signs of stress is a healthful behavior you can practice. Write each sentence in the following passage that contains a warning sign. In the table copy the sentence in which the warning sign occurs. Identify the signs as classify them by type. The first one has been done to show you how. If you need more help pg 62 of your text. Warning Signs of Stress Sentence Warning sign Type of Sign That’s why she was so angry when it Happened. Angry Emotional

30. Application Deirdre rarely missed the bus. That’s why she was so angry when it happened. Well, that and the fact that her little brother was the reason. He was always too slow getting ready in the morning! Now she had to ask her mom to drive her to school. As they backed out of the driveway, Deirdre thought “There’s no way I’ll get school on time. “Then Deirdre’s mom asked her what she planned to do after school. That made Deirdre even more irritable. She didn’t want to talk about her plans with her mother. By the time they got to school, Deirdre had a headache. It seemed like she had a lit of headache lately. Maybe it was because she wasn’t sleeping very well. She wasn’t eating all that much, either. She just didn’t feel very hungry most of the time.

31. Review • What are the three stages of the stress response? In what order do they occur? • Why is the body’s response during the first stage of stress called the flight-or-fight response? • Describe four ways that you can recognize when you are under stress. • What is the relationship between stress and illness? Critical Thinking 5. Relating Cause and Effect: why is it important to identify signs of stress early?

32. Lesson Quiz 2 • A • E • F • B • D • FALSE • FALSE • TRUE • TRUE • FALSE

33. Lesson Three TSWBAT: CO 1. Explain how individuals can have different responses to the same stressor. CO 2. Describe two ways that personality affects stress. CO 3. Identify the key factor in resilience. LO 3. Good time management skills can reduce stress and help you be more productive.Create a worksheet to show the tasks you do on a daily basis and the amount of time you spend on each task. This work- sheet will help you manage your time. Track how you spend your time.

34. Critical Vocabulary Optimism Pessimism Perfectionist Resilience

35. Warm-up Quick Quiz: How many of the following statements accurately describe how you think or behave. Writing: Review your responses. Then explain why you might be more or less likely to be under stress than others.

36. Stress and Individuals People can have different reactions to the same stressor. Some may remain calm. Others may become anxious and tense. How you react to a stressor depends on how you assess the situation. As you assess the situation, you answer two important questions. • Is the situation a threat to my well-being? • Do I have the resources to meet the challenge? Your past experience have a lot to do with how you respond to new situations. Your personality influences your assessment of a situation. You may face stressful situations with optimism or pessimism. Optimism is the tendency to focus on the positive aspects of a situation. Pessimism is the tendency to focus on the negative and expect the worst. Being a perfectionist can also increase your level of stress. A perfectionist is a person who accepts nothing less than excellence. Perfectionists are never satisfied. They set goals for themselves that are impossible to reach.

37. Conclusion Some people can tolerate high levels of stress. They see stressful events as challenges, not threats. They believe they an control the outcome of the stressful event. The ability to recover, or “bounce back,” from extreme or prolonged stress is called resilience. The key factor in resilience is having the support of family and friends. Other factor include confidence, realistic plans, good communication and problem-solving skills, the ability to recognize and control feelings, and the recognition that change is a normal part of life.

38. Response to Stress 1. What tow important questions are you answering when you assess a stressful situation? a. ________ b. __________ Stress and Personality 2. Complete the table about stress and personality. Personality trait Description Response to Stress a.______________ b. ___________________ _______________ ___________________ c. ________________ d. __________________ _________________ __________________ e. ________________ f. _________________ ________________ _________________ Optimism Pessimism Aims for perfection

39. Stress Vary***

40. Resilience • 3. List some characteristics that people with resilience share. • They have the support of family and friends. • b. _______________________________________________ • c. _______________________________________________ • d. _______________________________________________ • e. _______________________________________________ • f. _______________________________________________

41. Practice How you think about situations makes a big difference in how much stress they cause you. You can think either positively or negatively about most situations. For example, as you teacher shows you how to do a different problem, you might think “I can learn how to do this if I try” (positive thinking) or “I’ll never be able to do this, so I might as well not try” (negative thinking). Positive thinking can help you solve problems and decrease stress. Negative thinking can make a problem worse and increase stress. As a group, brainstorm and record negative thought about each situation below. For each negative thought, brainstorm and record a positive thought. Discuss how the different thoughts would make you feel if you were in each situation.

42. Application 1. A basketball player is about to take a foul shot Negative Positive 2. A student walks out on a stage to give a speech. Negative Positive 3. Your teacher hands you a test and tells you to finish it in 30 minutes. Negative Positive 4. You suddenly remember that you left you wallet on a park bench. Negative Positive

43. Build Health Skills Managing Your Time Good time management skills can reduce stress and help you be more productive. Use this worksheet to make a plan that will help you manage your time. 1.Track how you spend your time. How much time you spend on different task daily. Time Task

44. To Do List 2. Make a daily “To Do” List Break large tasks into smaller tasks that you can accomplish in one day. 3. Prioritize the importance of each task to this scale: A = very important B = somewhat important, C = not very important

45. Managing Time 4. Plan your day. Use this chart to plan your day, using the information you gathered in the previous three steps.

46. Monitor Progress 5. Monitor your progress Use this checklist to monitor your progress. Does listing your daily tasks help you get more done Yes No Does prioritizing your tasks help you decide What to do first? Do you Perform “A” priority task first Yes No Do you refer to your list of daily tasks often? Yes No Do you feel less stress and have more time to Yes No relax

47. Review • Why two individuals have different responses to the same stressor? • How does personality affect a person’s response to stress? • Define the term resilience. • What is the key factor in determining whether a person has resilience? Critical Thinking 5. Predicting: impatience is a common personality trait. Predict how impatience could affect a person’s level of stress.

48. Lesson Quiz 3 • C • F • A • B • E • B • C • C • B • D

49. Lesson Four TSWBAT: CO 1. Identify ways to control stress, reduce tension, and change the way you think about stressors. CO 2. Explain ways building resilience is important. CO 3. Describe the value of seeking support from others when you are under stress. LO 4. think of a stressful situation. Choose technique for coping with the stress caused by the situation. Then write a dialogue about the situation and the coping technique.

50. Critical Vocabulary Mental Rehearsal Biofeedback