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Boiling Stones and Bison Bones. formontana/home.html

Boiling Stones and Bison Bones. www.formontana.net/home.html. NOTICE: This presentation is intended for those who attended my sectional at the 2010 MEA-MFT Teachers’ Convention in Helena. If you weren’t there, the presentation

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Boiling Stones and Bison Bones. formontana/home.html

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  1. Boiling Stones and Bison Bones.www.formontana.net/home.html NOTICE: This presentation is intended for those who attended my sectional at the 2010 MEA-MFT Teachers’ Convention in Helena. If you weren’t there, the presentation probably won’t make much sense to you. I use the presentation before my students do the activity called “No Pots? No Pans? No Problem.” • Appropriate for grades 8-12 Physical Science or Earth Science Classes • Rod Benson • Earth Science Teacher • Helena High School

  2. Science ConceptsIndian Education the use of fire-heated stones to boil water* heat transfer measurement of heat transferred rock types Ice Ages *Stones were also to roast and bake foods. Cultures throughout the world used this technology.

  3. Sources Brink, Jack. Imagining Head Smashed In. Edmonton: Athabasca University Press, 2008. Brumley, John. Archaeologist at Wahkpa Chu'gn Buffalo Jump in Havre Fisher, John, Ph.D., Department of Sociology, Montana State University-Bozeman Lahren,Larry, Ph.D, Homeland: An archaeologist’s view of Yellowstone Country’s Past. Cayuse Press, Livingston, Montana 2006. Rennie, Patrick J. "The Interpretive Value of Fire-Cracked Rock." Archaeology In Montana 42.1 (2001): 65-90. Wilmoth, Stan. Archaeologist, Office of Historical Preservation NEXT: The Learning Activities

  4. PowerPoint, handouts, videos are all posted on the internet • http://formontana.net/bones.html • Take a look at the worksheet. • Bison Bones and Boiling Stones • http://formontana.net #102 • Next: Lab Activity • No Pots? No Pans? No Problem

  5. 1. What are the three ways heat is transferred? Conduction Convection Radiation NEXT: Quick review

  6. Conduction? Convection? Radiation?

  7. NEXT . . . Intro to today’s activity As cool as the other side of the pillow . . .

  8. Map courtesy of The Defenders of Wildlife Pre-European Contact 60-75 million bison About 40,000 Native Americans lived on the plains of Montana Each person needed about 5 bison/year No horses, no guns

  9. Photo courtesy of the Montana Historical Society 
Figures by Gardell Christensen, 1952 
Background by Dale Livezey, 1988 
Photo by John Smart, 1988

  10. First Peoples Buffalo Jump Formerly known as Ulm Pishkun

  11. Havre Middle School Hwy. #2 The Mall Milk River

  12. Over 300 kill sites in Montana Over 300 kill sites in Montana

  13. Courtesy of Wahkpa Chu’gn Archaeological Site www.buffalojump.org

  14. The Belt Meteor Crater

  15. 5 miles NW of Harlem Tipi rings nearby NEXT: So, if you are looking for a kill site? . . .

  16. Bone Beds • Projectile Points • Arrowheads • Atlatl points

  17. Photo from Imagining Head Smashed In by Jack Brink Courtesy of Head-Smashed-In Buffalo Jump NEXT: Back in time

  18. The Processing Area Courtesy of Canadian Museum of Civilization Corporation NEXT: Question #2

  19. 2. Containers for boiling? Stomach sacs Pits lined with hides

  20. Courtesy of Canadian Museum of Civilization Corporation NEXT: Focus on bones, marrow

  21. Marrow from a roasted bone NEXT: Bone Grease

  22. Bone Matrix containing bone grease Marrow NEXT: Extracting Bone Grease

  23. NEXT: No pots . . . How do you boil the bones?

  24. 3. What are some ways to bring the water to a boil? 5-minute YouTube Video ANSWER: They used fire-heated stones called “boiling stones”

  25. Grease is the word. Illustration by Shayne Tolman

  26. Jeopardy Assiniboine The Assiniboine are people of the northern Great Plains of North America who call themselves Nakoda or Nakota. To the Chippewa, they are known as AS'see'neepai-tue (those who cook with stones). The name of this Montana Indian tribe (loosely translated) means “those who cook with stones”.

  27. Illustration by Shayne Tolman NEXT: What kind of rocks would work best?

  28. How can you tell this is a roasting pit (not a boiling pit)? Roasting Pits Boiling Pits

  29. Quartzite Cobbles

  30. Quartzite used to be sandstone.

  31. The “Rimrocks” of Billings (Eagle Sandstone)

  32. Near Harlem(North-Central Montana)

  33. How do experts know quartzite was preferred?

  34. First Peoples Buffalo Jump Formerly known as Ulm Pishkun

  35. Fire-Cracked rock from First Peoples Buffalo Jump

  36. Fire-Cracked Rock

  37. Here’s how you do the activity. Watch YouTube Video of the Lab Will the rocks explode? Where can you get quartzite? • PowerPoint/Pre-Lab: 40 minutes • Lab Activity: 20 minutes • Follow-Up Questions: 10-20 minutes

  38. IMPORTANT Remove the thermometer while you are placing the hot rock into the water.

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