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Erikson’s Psychosocial Stages

Erikson’s Psychosocial Stages. Trust vs. mistrust Autonomy vs. shame and doubt Initiative vs. guilt Competence (industry) vs. inferiority Identity vs. role confusion Intimacy vs. isolation Generativity vs. stagnation (Ego) Integrity vs. despair.

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Erikson’s Psychosocial Stages

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  1. Erikson’s Psychosocial Stages • Trust vs. mistrust • Autonomy vs. shame and doubt • Initiative vs. guilt • Competence (industry) vs. inferiority • Identity vs. role confusion • Intimacy vs. isolation • Generativity vs. stagnation • (Ego) Integrity vs. despair

  2. Jean Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development • Sensorimotor stage (birth to 2 years) • Object permanence • Stranger anxiety • Separation anxiety

  3. Jean Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development • Sensorimotor stage (birth to 2 years) • Preoperational stage (2 to 6 years) • Use of symbols • Pretend play • Language development • Egocentrism

  4. Jean Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development • Sensorimotor stage (birth to 2 years) • Preoperational stage (2 to 6 years) • Concrete Operational stage (7 to 11 years) • Conservation • Reversibility • Seriation • Classification

  5. Jean Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development • Sensorimotor stage (birth to 2 years) • Preoperational stage (2 to 6 years) • Concrete Operational stage (7 to 11 years) • Formal Operational stage (12 years – adulthood) • Abstract logic • Potential for mature moral reasoning

  6. Freud’s Psychoanalytic TheoryThree Components of Personality • Id • Eros – libido, Thanatos, Pleasure principle • Ego • Reality principle • Superego • Conscience, Ego-ideal

  7. Defense Mechanisms • Ego produces defense mechanisms to reduce anxiety.

  8. Defense Mechanisms • Repression • Regression • Reaction formation • Displacement • Projection • Denial

  9. Psychosexual Stages • Oral • Anal • Phallic • Latency • Genital

  10. Information Processing Theory • Children and adults gradually gain processing efficiency when they improve in perception, memory, attention, and problem-solving skills.

  11. Vygotsky’s Sociocultural Theory • Social interaction with more knowledgeable members of society help children acquire ways of thinking and behaving according to the culture.

  12. Evolutionary Theory • Organisms adapt in order to survive and produce offspring. Developmental phenomena have adaptive value.

  13. Classical Conditioning Learning by association • Unconditioned stimulus • Unconditioned response

  14. Classical Conditioning Learning by association • Unconditioned stimulus • Unconditioned response • Neutral stimulus

  15. Classical Conditioning Learning by association • Unconditioned stimulus • Unconditioned response • Neutral stimulus • Conditioned stimulus • Conditioned response

  16. Operant Conditioning Learning by consequences • Reinforcer – increases behavior • Positive reinforcement • Negative reinforcement

  17. Operant Conditioning Learning by consequences • Reinforcer – increases behavior • Positive reinforcement • Negative reinforcement • Punishment – decreases behavior

  18. Learning by observing others Albert Bandura Bobo doll study Vicarious conditioning Observational Learning

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