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MARINE POLLUTION IN THE FLORIDA KEYS NATIONAL MARINE SANCTUARY

MARINE POLLUTION IN THE FLORIDA KEYS NATIONAL MARINE SANCTUARY. Created By: Brandy Curry, Andrew Paciulli, Rosalyn McGee, and Justin Perry. Introduction. The Florida Keys natural marine is a popular destination for scientist, explorers, and tourists Pollution defined

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MARINE POLLUTION IN THE FLORIDA KEYS NATIONAL MARINE SANCTUARY

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  1. MARINEPOLLUTIONIN THE FLORIDA KEYS NATIONAL MARINE SANCTUARY Created By: Brandy Curry, Andrew Paciulli, Rosalyn McGee, and Justin Perry

  2. Introduction • The Florida Keys natural marine is a popular destination for scientist, explorers, and tourists • Pollution defined • Different types of pollution • Effects of marine pollution • Regions affected by pollutants

  3. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary Description of sanctuary • Established in 1990 • Jointly managed by NOAA and the State of Florida • Comprised of 9,844 km2 of water and submerged land • Includes sea grass meadows, mangrove-fringed islands, and coral reefs • Supports over 6,000 species of plants, fishes, and invertebrates (Florida Keys Management Areas,2005)

  4. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary Water Quality Protection Program Water quality Monitoring Project Sea grass Monitoring Project Coral Reef Evaluation and Monitoring Project Special Projects (Reef Restoration, NOAA)

  5. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary Pollution • Waste Water • Storm Water, Runoff Contaminants • Oil • Direct Human Impact (Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary)

  6. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary (NOAA) Regions Effected by Pollution • Near shore waters • Marine Habitats • Seafloor (NOAA)

  7. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary Regions Effected by Pollution • Ecological Reserves • Sanctuary Preservation Areas • Wildlife Management Areas • Existing Management Areas • Special-use Areas

  8. Ecosystems Effected by the Pollution (NOAA) The Florida Keys contain • The third longest Coral Reef in the world • Extensive sea grass beds • Over 6,000 species of marine life (Burdick, 2013)

  9. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary Coral Habitats and Biodiversity Bank Reefs or Intermediate Reefs Deep Offshore Reefs • Hard bottom • Patch or Shallow Offshore Reefs Hard Bottom Patch Reefs • Zooplankton/ Phytoplankton • Several species of stony coral • Spiny Lobster • Anemones • Mollusks • Flamingo Tongues • Parrotfish • Surgeonfish • Yellow Snapper • Grunts • Brain & Star Coral

  10. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary Coral Habitats and Biodiversity Bank Reefs or Intermediate Reefs Deep Offshore Reefs • Hard bottom • Patch or Shallow Offshore Reefs Bank Reefs Deep Offshore Reefs • Shrimp • Gobies • Moray Eels • Trigger Fish • Grouper • Fire Coral • Great Barracuda • Red Snapper • Jewfish • Amber Jack • Small Tuna

  11. Coral description

  12. Corals • Over 50 species living in the sanctuary • Staghorn Coral • 2100 sites studied • Coral population and density

  13. Species found on coral reefs • Structure of reef provided by corals • Base nutritional energy provided by algae • Reef fish both herbivores and carnivores live full time on reef • Sharks and lobsters roam in and out daily • Dolphins and sea turtles stop by seasonally NOAA, National Marine Sanctuary

  14. Adaptations to the Environment Fluorescent Pigment - Natural adaptation that forms a shield around the zooxanthellae and protects them form high temperatures and UV Rays (NOAA.COM) (http://scienceyoucanlove.tumblr.com) Increase Calcium Carbonate Production - The increase of acidity in the oceans slows corals growth rate

  15. Future Adaptations For Survival (http://ocean.nationalgeographic.com) Gain The Ability to Withstand: - Increase in Ocean Temperatures - Increase in Turbidity - Increase in Ocean Acidity Levels (NOAA.GOV) Survive Direct and Indirect Human Impact - Humans are the biggest threat to Corals

  16. How do the currents and tides affect your selected animal

  17. What are the geological features of the selected region where your organism dwells? 

  18. Avoiding Pollution in the Future Measures to Avoid Pollution Mooring buoys is imperative in protecting coral reefs from boat anchors • Wide-ranging education program for ensuring the protection of Florida Keys’ resources • Monitoring and research activities • Enforcing regulations • Avoid marine dumping • Trimming down trash • Recreate Responsibly

  19. Water Quality Protection Program Accomplishments • Monroe County Sanitary wastewater plan • Monroe County storm-water plan • No discharge zones • Mooring fields for vessels FKNMS Facebook Photos

  20. Conclusion • There are different type of marine pollution affecting the Florida Keys sanctuary. • Different types of pollution include; direct discharge, land runoff, Storm water, runoff contaminants, oil, ship pollution, boating, overfishing among others. • The major ecosystem affected by the pollution is the coral reef, sea grass beds and the marine life species. • The Florida Keys marine sanctuary should be protected to avoid further marine destruction

  21. References • Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission. (2014, August 15). Red Tide Summary. Retrieved from http://myfwc.com/research/redtide/statewide/ • Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission. (n.d.). Fish and Wildlife Research Institute. Retrieved from http://myfwc.com/research/habitat/coral/ • Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary (FKNMS), Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary Water Quality Protection Program. Retrieved from: http://ocean.floridamarine.org/FKNMS_WQPP/pages/fknms.html • Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary Water Quality Protection Program: Report to Congress (September 2013). United States EPA region 4 office in cooperation with Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary WQPP partners. Retrieved from: http://ocean.floridamarine.org/FKNMS_WQPP/products/wqpp/FKNMS%20Biennial%20Report%20201309.pdf

  22. References • Coral Reef Evaluation and Monitoring Project. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. Retrieved from: http://ocean.floridamarine.org/FKNMS_WQPP/pages/cremp.html • Special Projects. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. Retrieved from: http://ocean.floridamarine.org/FKNMS_WQPP/pages/special_projects.html • Water Quality Protection Program. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. Retrieved from: http://ocean.floridamarine.org/FKNMS_WQPP/pages/wqpp.html • Water Quality Monitoring Project. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. Retrieved from: http://ocean.floridamarine.org/FKNMS_WQPP/pages/wqmp.html • Seagrass Monitoring Project. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. Retrieved from: http://ocean.floridamarine.org/FKNMS_WQPP/pages/sgmp.html

  23. References • Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary Water Quality Protection Program. (2014). Water Quality Monitoring Project (WQMP). Retrieved from http://ocean.floridamarine.org/FKNMS_WQPP/pages/wqmp.html • Populations and Ecosystems. (n.d). Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. Retrieved from https://www.fossweb.com/delegate/ssi-fosscom/Contribution%20Folders/FOSS/multimedia_ms_1E/PopulationsandEcosystems/ecoscenario/drytort/index.html • Florida International University. (2012). Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary Water Quality Protection Program. Retrieved from Water Quality Monitoring Project (WQMP) : http://ocean.floridamarine.org/FKNMS_WQPP/pages/wqmp.html • NOAA. (2014, February 6). Sanctuaries and climate change. Retrieved from NOAA / National MArine Sanctuaries: http://sanctuaries.noaa.gov/management/climate/welcome.html

  24. Image References • The Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary Facebook page. Images retrieved from: https://www.facebook.com/floridakeysnoaagov/photos_stream Wilmington, t. N. (n.d.). The Aquarius underwater habitat and laboratory. The Aquarius Habitat. Florida International University, Miami, FL. Retrieved from http://www.asc-csa.gc.ca/eng/missions/neemo/aquarius.asp on 5 August 2014 • Burdick, D. (2013, September 20). Strategic plans for addressing pollution in key watersheds. Retrieved from http://coralreef.noaa.gov/threats/pollution/welcome.html • Humann., P. b. (n.d.). Roving Diver. ScubaBoard.com, Key Largo. Retrieved from http://www.scubaboard.com/forums/content/586-new-publication-showing-validity-citizen-science-reef-survey-data.html on 5 August 2014 • Reef Restoration. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Image retrieved from: http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/gallery/image.php?siteName=nosimages&cat=Reef%20Restoration

  25. Image References • Humann., P. b. (n.d.). Roving Diver. ScubaBoard.com, Key Largo. Retrieved from http://www.scubaboard.com/forums/content/586-new-publication-showing-validity-citizen-science-reef-survey-data.html on 5 August 2014 • Reef Restoration. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Image retrieved from: http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/gallery/image.php?siteName=nosimages&cat=Reef%20Restoration • Burdick, D. (2013, September 20). Strategic plans for addressing pollution in key watersheds. Retrieved from http://coralreef.noaa.gov/threats/pollution/welcome.html

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