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Pride and Prejudice

Pride and Prejudice. Conclusion & Extension . Outline. Your Questions ? Structure Theme : Marriage & Love, Money, Class and Manners/Breeding Pride and Prejudice and Jane Austen Pride and Prejudice vs. Some 19th-Century Texts

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Pride and Prejudice

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  1. Pride and Prejudice Conclusion & Extension

  2. Outline • Your Questions? • Structure • Theme: Marriage & Love, Money, Class and Manners/Breeding • Pride and Prejudice and Jane Austen • Pride and Prejudice vs. Some 19th-Century Texts • 1. Marriage & Money/Class: “The Bride Comes to Yellow Sky” “The £1,000,000 Bank Note” • 2. Woman: “She Walks in Beauty” • 3. Art & Nature? Pemberley vs. Ozymandias or Grecian Urn • Pride and Prejudice in Today’s World

  3. Why is Darcy's first name "Fitzwilliam"? • "Fitzwilliam" was Darcy's mother's surname (she was known as "Lady Anne Fitzwilliam" before her marriage to Darcy's father, and "Lady Anne Darcy" afterwards), and at the time it was rather common to give a son his mother's maiden surname as his own first name, especially if his mother's family was in some way prominent or distinguished (or sometimes another prominent family surname different from his own surname). This explains why Darcy's first name is the same as his cousin Col. Fitzwilliam's surname. (source)

  4. More Questions and Comments • Why are there names with --- • A realist tradition (seemingly to hide the identities of the real persons and places). 2. How old is Darcy? • “Such I was, from eight to eight and twenty; and such I might have been but for you, my dearest, loveliest Elizabeth! ” (p. 282) (see a list of the characters and their ageshere.) 3. Re. Charlotte’s views of knowing one before marrying him or her. • “we only need to know the general part of the personality since the more you realize, the more disappointed you get.”

  5. More Questions and Comments • Why is Ms. Darcy not prejudiced against Elizabeth? • Not all aristocrats are arrogant. • Ms. Darcy is shy, but not “exceedingly proud.” • Elizabeth is good-mannered and intelligent. She makes Ms. Darcy feels less embarrassed after Ms. Bingley’s mentioning Wickham.

  6. Structure: Pattern & Contrast

  7. Structure: Pattern & Contrast • Proposals: • Collin’s first and 2nd proposal; Darcy’s first proposal and 2nd proposal; • Collins’ response to being rejected; Darcy’s. • Laughter: • Elizabeth’s way of laughter vs. Lydia’s (e.g. when being invited by Mrs. Forster – Lydia “laughing and talking with more violence than ever”; her letter) • Pride vs. vanity or different kinds of pride. • Prejudice, wrong judgment, lack of judgment, lack of moral principles. • Different kinds of letters.

  8. Themes: Marriage Factors to Consider: (1) Love & First Impressions • Appearance & sex —natural attraction, not to be trusted. • Respect and understanding of each other  discussion of Charlotte’s case • More . .. Family connections, money and class background

  9. Marriage Factors to Consider: (2) Money • Daughters and young sons – no inheritance  Charlotte’s practical considerations.  Mrs. Gardiner’s suggestion to Eliza.  Colonel Fitzwilliam's remark on his marriage considerations. • Wickham’s fortune-hunting. • Younger sons’ profession: clergyman, military officers • Women are not supposed to work; limited choices of work: e.g. governess. Therefore, for survival they mostly depend on marrying a husband or on the (meager) inheritance their parents settle for them.

  10. Marriage Factors to Consider: (3) Class • Appendix 1: • The novel’s focus: the rural elites in a country community with their subtle class differences • traditional gentry such as Darcy (with inherited land) • Pseudo gentry (or lesser gentry p. 300) (e.g. Sir Lucas and Bingley)  Austen is more interested in those in the lower part of this society, since she herself is not from a rich family of traditional gentry (her father is a clergyman).

  11. Marriage Factors to Consider: (3) Class • Elements of class distinction (in our novel): furniture, number of servants, whether one has a cook or not, a governess or not. (Appendix) • The other elements (Minma 53): “descent and connections, the length of its residence, wealth and its source, occupation.” • Those elements subject to change: income, official position and marriage (or no marriage). •  a fixed order as a point of reference, never fully realized (Minma 53); a society on the brink of radical changes.

  12. Class & Breeding/Manners • “The title of gentleman, and the respect and love of the heroine, must be earned” (302). • In other words, class distinction turns out to be less important that having good breeding, manners and intelligence. • E. over the Gardiners: • Before introducing them to Darcy, she was worried over their class background (business) and residence (London Cheapside) • After doing it, she finds "glory in every expression, every sentence of her uncle which marked his intelligence, his taste, or his good manners“ (III: 1)

  13. Jane Austen –her novels as her children • An intelligent woman who is not lucky in her emotional life. (see clips 21:2; 42:42) • Both Jane and Casandra stay single all their life: (her letter to Casandra) Friday. -- At length the day is come on which I am to flirt my last with TomLefroy, and when you receive this it will be over. My tears flow at the melancholy idea.“ • Publish four novels anonymously. The editor wanted to change the love scenes in PP.Austen: "You say the book [PP] is indecent. You say I am immodest. But Sir in the depiction of love, modesty is the fullness of truth; and decency frankness; and so I must also be frank with you, and ask that you remove my name from the title page in all future printings; 'A lady' will do well enough." • Writing was her main interest in life and she was able to make money with selling the six novels; however, writing novels was not considered a “proper career” for women then.

  14. Three different kinds of marriage in “Bank-Note” (US), “Yellow Sky” (US) and PP (UK—late 18th C). “Bank-Note” – the couple: equally interested in business but not materialistic; social climbing done easily. “Yellow Sky” – the couple, who don’t really know each other, are incompetent in the Pullman. PP vs. Some 19th-Century TextsMarriage & Class

  15. Pride and Prejudice But no sooner had he made it clear to himself and his friends that she had hardly a good feature in her face, than he began to find it was rendered uncommonly intelligent by the beautiful expression of her dark eyes. To this discovery succeeded some others equally mortifying. Though he had detected with a critical eye more than one failure of perfect symmetry in her form, he was forced to acknowledge her figure to be light and pleasing; and in spite of his asserting that her manners were not those of the fashionable world, he was caught by their easy playfulness. PP vs. Some 19th-Century TextsWoman

  16. PP vs. Some 19th-Century TextsWoman 1. Praised as perfect and elevated to the position of goddess SHE WALKS IN BEAUTY, like the night          Of cloudless climes and starry skies;          And all that's best of dark and bright   Meet in her aspect and her eyes;        Thus mellow'd to that tender light   Which heaven to gaudy day denies.   2. Still an object of love.

  17. PP vs. Some 19th-Century TextsArt vs. Nature

  18. PP in the Present World Both film versions • (melo-)dramatize it e.g. letter-reading, proposal scene of Wright’s version. • foreground the sexual attractions of the characters. (e.g. Darcy’s swimming in the BBC version, Eliza’s bare shoulders in Wright’s version.)

  19. Bridget Jones’s Diary & PP • Bridget’s mother // Elizabeth’s • Mark Darcy + Daniel Cleaver // F. Darcy + Wickham; Mark Darcy’s house, the setting of Pemberley house • Difference: Bridget – Lonely, straightforward, more sexually explicit in language and behavior.

  20. Bridget Jones’s Diary—Confessions at a party e.g. E.g. M. Darcy: I realize that when I met you at the turkey curry buffet, I was unforgivably rude, and wearing a reindeer jumper. … I don't think you're an idiot at all. I mean, there are elements of the ridiculous about you. Your mother's pretty interesting. And you really are an appallingly bad public speaker. And, um, you tend to let whatever's in your head come out of your mouth without much consideration of the consequences... But the thing is, um, what I'm trying to say, very inarticulately, is that, um, in fact, perhaps despite appearances, I like you, very much. Just as you are. Bridget: You once said you liked me just as I am and I just wanted to say likewise. I mean there are stupid things your mum buys you, tonight's another... classic. You're haughty, and you always say the wrong thing in every situation and I seriously believe that you should rethink the length of your sideburns. But, you're a nice man and I like you. If you wanted to pop by some time that might be nice... more than nice.

  21. What’s Unchanged? • Pride – what does it mean? • Prejudice caused by • lack of understanding or education, • class and cultural differences • Human need for both money and love

  22. Reference • Minma, Shinobu. “Self-Deception and Superiority Complex: Derangement of Hierarchy in Jane Austen's Emma” Eighteen Century Fiction 14. 1 (Oct, 2001): 49-65.

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