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Lua

Lua. Matthew Spain | Kerry Zhao. Agenda. Overview of Lua Language Details Application Areas Demo Conclusion. Overview. History. Made by Roberto Ierusalimschy, Luiz Henrique de Figueiredo, and Waldemar Celes in 1993 Members of Tecgraf, PUC-Rio in Brazil

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Lua

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  1. Lua Matthew Spain | Kerry Zhao

  2. Agenda • Overview of Lua • Language Details • Application Areas • Demo • Conclusion

  3. Overview

  4. History • Made by Roberto Ierusalimschy, Luiz Henrique de Figueiredo, and Waldemar Celes in 1993 • Members of Tecgraf, PUC-Rio in Brazil • Brazil had trade barriers making it hard to buy software from abroad

  5. Release Timeline Jul 1993 - Lua 1.0 Jul 1994 - Lua 1.1 (first public release), paper Feb 1995 - Lua 2.1 (first free commercial release) Nov 2000 - Lua 4.0, no built-in functions Apr 2003 - Lua 5.0, multithreading, full lexical scoping Dec 2011 - Lua 5.2, current version

  6. Language Influences • Replaces • DEL (data-entry language) • SOL (simple object language) • Scheme • Modula

  7. Resources www.lua.org www.lua-users.orgcode.google.com/p/luaforwindows luadist.org Plugins for most popular IDEs

  8. Language Details

  9. Function • High-level scripting language • Lightweight - interpreter about 180k • Embedded language - C API

  10. Execution • Interpreter compiles to bytecode for Lua VM • Very fast, usually compiled at run-time • Programs can be compiled in advance to skip overhead • Portable, builds on anything with a C compiler

  11. Paradigms • Multi-paradigm • Imperative • Functional • Not object-oriented, but object-like constructs can be made using tables and metatables

  12. Lexical/Syntactical Fun

  13. Reserved Keywords • and • break • do • else • elseif • end • false • for • function • goto • if • in • local • nil • not • or • repeat • return • then • true • until • while

  14. Types • nil • boolean • numbers • strings • tables • functions • userdata • threads

  15. Control Flow • if...then…else…elseif…end • for...do...end • while…do...end • repeat...until

  16. Assignment • “multiple” assignment • a, b, c = “this is multiple assignment”, “yep” • i.e. a = “this is multiple assignment”, b = “yep”, c = nil • a, b = b, a • a and b have swapped values • a = a or b • if not a, a = b

  17. Tables • EVERYTHING IS A TABLE

  18. Typing and scope • Strongly typed • Dynamic typing • local keyword specifies non-globals • Symbol table easily accessible

  19. Special features • Metatables • Closures • Special allowance for object oriented programmers

  20. Metatables • None by default, added with setmetatable • Metamethods include: • add • sub • mul • div • mod • pow • unm • concat • len • eq • lt • le • index • newindex • call

  21. Closures • a function inside of a function • inner function has access to local variables of the outside function

  22. Object-oriented Features • No classes, only prototypes • Syntactic sugar for methods: function table.func(self, args) can be written as table:func(args)

  23. Application Areas

  24. Application Areas • GAMING • Notables include World of Warcraft, FarCry, the CryENGINE2, Garry’s Mod, Angry Birds

  25. Application Areas Cont’d • IDE’s • Operating Systems • Plain Text Editors • Robotics

  26. Demo

  27. Conclusion

  28. References • The Evolution of Lua • Programming in Lua, first Edition

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