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1. Preparing for War : The North and the South APUSH
Ms. Weston
11/22/06
2. Lincoln takes office In inaugural address, calls secession impossiblephysically speaking Union cant separate.
Affirms that he will work to protect the union.
Secession led to many questions--how would they divide national debt, territories.
3. Fighting begins at Fort Sumter (1861) Issue of federal forts in the South
Lincoln sends force to provision the Fort, not reinforce it.
South still saw as act of aggression, fired on fort.
Electrified North, ready to fight.
Lincoln begins to raise army, seven more states secede.
4. The Key Border States Missouri, Kentucky, Maryland, Delaware and West Virginia
ASSETS: Large populations, manufacturing capacity, Ohio River.
Lincoln used force to keep Border States
Lincoln: I hope to have God on my side but I have to have Kentucky.
5. Not a War to End Slavery! Lincolns key goal was to preserve the Union, needed to keep pro-slavery border states happy.
Native American tribes with slaves (esp. Cherokee) supported the Confederacy, other sided with North.
Brothers Warsome Southern soldiers went North to join Union army and vice versa.
Some families separated by fighting.
6. Southern Advantages Had to fight a defensive war
Had more talented military officers
Ordinary Southerners bred to fight.
7. Southern Disadvantages Shortages of food and suppliesoften because of transportation problems
Weak economy
Northern blockade of sea devastated South
8. Billy Yank and Johnny Reb Similarities: Most had been farmers, native-born, young, common patriotic spirit. Dull routine of camp life
Differences: Northern soldiers more literate, intellectual and practical while Southerners were more emotional, religious and playful. Northerners adapted easier to discipline of army.
9. The South Loses Foreign Help Everyone expected Europe to help Southway to harm America.
In the end, Britain and other countries not as dependent on King Cotton as had thoughtgot it from other sources. Also, needed to respond to peoples sympathy for North.
If anything, begin exporting more wheat from North.
10. Northern Crises With Britain Europe wants to take advantage of Americas problems
Trent affairUS stops a British ship carrying Confederate diplomats.
British were building Confederate commerce-raidersAlabama
Some Northerners talked of getting revenge on Canada.
11. Foreign Flare-ups Further conflicts with Britain over Confederate warshipsLaird rams. Americans threaten war so Britain bought for themselves.
Northerners raid Canada? British unified Canada in 1867 as protection.
Napoleon tried to install puppet dictator, Maximilian, in Mexico. US stopped with threats after Civil War.
12. Weaknesses of Confederate Government Constitution couldnt deny secession to its own statesnot unified
Jefferson Davis not popular
13. Lincoln Violates Constitution Saw this as necessary to protect Union
Proclaimed a blockade and increased size of army without Congress approval
Suspended privilege of habeas corpusprotects individuals from unfair imprisonment.
Called for supervised voting in Border States
14. First Conscription Law 1863Conscription Law passed in Northfirst nation-wide draft in history.
Unfair to the poorrich could buy their way out of the draft
Much oppositionriot in New York by Irish-Americans
In Southconscription even earlier1862.
15. Northern Economy Stayed Stable Excise taxes and income taxes
Protective Tariff
Issued greenback money, but also earned money through increased borrowing
Established National Banking Systemunified banking system, could issue sound money and bonds.
16. Southern Economy Suffered Blockade hurt
States righters against tariffs and taxes
Printed lots of paper moneyrunaway inflation
17. Growth of Northern Economy New factories
Increased prices
First millionaires
New inventions and innovations: sewing machines and standardized sizes, mechanical reapers, petroleum gushers
18. Women and the Civil War New job opportunities with men gonegovernment and industrial workers
Women involved in fightingdisguised as men, or worked as spies
Dr. Elizabeth Blackwellorganized US Sanitary Commission to help Union armies on field
19. A Crushed Cotton Kingdom Devastated economy, hurt transportation, used up all supplies
Cotton capitalism had lost out to industrial capitalism