JWST Science Operations from the perspective of a GO/GTO

1. JWST Science Operations from the perspective of a GO/GTO Alex Fullerton* Webb Instrument Team TIPS/JIM 20 March 2008 * who ripped off some of the slides from Jeff Valenti

2. JWST JPL Deep Space Network S-Band Astronomers Ka-Band Grant Solicitation Science Data Notification Phase 2 Phase 1 Acceptance Constraints Status Grant Phase 1 Solicitation Proposal Selection Phase 2 Preparation Long Range Planning Real-Time Operations Grants Management Notification Calibration Proposals Short Term Scheduling Sci Data Archive Sci Data Calibration Obs. Plan Generation Calibration Ref. Data Science Operations Flight Operations • Command & Data Uplink • Recorded Data Downlink • Health & Safety Monitoring • Clock Correlation • Ranging • Simulator Operations Wavefront Control Wavefront Monitoring Engineering Proposals Orbit Maintenance Orbit Determination Eng Data Archive DSN Scheduling Eng Data Trending Mission Scheduling FSW & Script Maintenance FSW & Script Maintenance FSW & Script Loads FSW & Script Dumps Ground Segment Operations

3. What Does a GO/GTO Care About? • Writing Proposals and Planning Programs • Integrated Proposal Planning Tool • Documentation • Analyzing Data • “Pipeline Processed”; on-the-fly recal (+ ability to tinker?) • Long-term, stable but refreshed data archive(s) • Meta-data and documentation • Writing Papers • Funding • Schedules PERFORMING INNOVATIVE RESEARCH

4. What Do We Care About? • Writing Proposals and Planning Programs • Integrated Proposal Planning Tool • Documentation • Analyzing Data • “Pipeline Processed”; on-the-fly recal (+ ability to tinker?) • Long-term, stable but refreshed data archive(s) • Meta-data and documentation • Writing Papers • Funding • Schedules ENABLING INNOVATIVE RESEARCH

5. Proposals and Obs Planning DD Proposals Anytime PI uses ETC To Determine Amount of Time Needed PI uses APT To Prepare Science Proposal Peer Review Of Science Proposals (~1400) STScI Director Review & Approval GO Proposals Cycle Boundary Preparing Science Proposal for Science Review Guide Stars Proposal Constraint Generator Grant Process Begins PI Gets Time on the Observatory YEAH! GO Programs Long Range Planning Short Term Scheduling PI uses ETC To Prepare Observations For Flight APT used to Develop Sci/Cal/Eng Program GO/Calib/Eng Programs STScI Staff Planning & Scheduling the Observations Programs Change During the Cycle

6. The [???] Tool • APT: Astronomer’s Proposal Tool • APT: Advanced Planning Tool • PPT: Proposal Planning Tool • PDT: Proposal Definition Tool • IPT: Integrated Planning Tool

7. The [TBN] Tool (T3) • Exposure time calculators • Proposal editor • Target visualization • Overhead calculator • Schedulability tool (field of regard, guide stars, …) • Mosaic planner • Microshutter Array (MSA) planning tool for MOS

8. The MIRI Imaging Template (K. Gordon & S. Friedman)

9. GUI Input to a Template

10. Exposure Time Calculators ETC Interfaces FGS Acquisition NIRCam Imaging NIRCam Coronagraphy NIRSpec Acquisition NIRSpec Spectroscopy MIRI Imaging MIRI Spectroscopy MIRI Coronography TFI Imaging TFI Coronography Common infrastructure Mock-Up

11. Visualizer / Mosaic Planner

12. Schedulability Tool • Examine constraints and their consequences: • Target visibility window(s) • Field of Regard • Sun/Earth/Moon avoidance • Availability of Guide Stars • ORIENTATION • Special Requirements • Phase-critical windows • Ability to iterate … to explore the consequences of specific • observing strategies or choices.

13. JWST Field of Regard

14. Visibility Window Durations

15. Orient Constraints

16. Overhead Calculator • Total wall-clock time required for an observation: • total integration time • time for SI set-up, mechanism movements • time for dithers • time to tile a mosaic • time to slew to the field initially • Ability to iterate … to explore the consequences • of specific observing strategies or choices

17. Overheads Will Include a Slew Tax • JWST slews slowly • Reaction wheels are not that massive • Slew 90 degrees in about an hour • Slew must stay in field-of-regard • Scheduling constraints impact slew optimization • Pointing, orient, and timing constraints • Nonuniform target distribution on the sky • Links between visits • Proposals and allocations must include overhead • JWST is very sensitive (even short exposures yield science) • Measure program cost fairly • Include average slew time in overhead estimate • Mosaic tiles are separate visits, but slew takes less time

18. SUMMARY: Writing Proposals / Planning Observations Phase 1: Input via template … specify scheduling details up front! Improves schedulability of approved programs. Ask TAC to treat constraints as a limited resource to be managed. Phase 2: Tweaking … only if required For NIRSpec/MOS: Phase 2.5: Finalizing an MSA file once a precursor finder image (e.g., with NIRCam) is available. Integrated Planning Tool simplifies and streamlines this process. It’s easy! It’s fun! Template input flows directly into the PPS with minimal human interaction. Inputs are translated into AD script parameters, which implement activities onboard JWST.

19. What does a GO/GTO NEED? TOOLS* These tools are the interface between a GO/GTO and the complex “under-the-hood” capabilities required to operate JWST and its SIs efficiently. * An S&OC Law of Self Preservation: When confronted with complex Science Instruments, it's cheaper to provide good tools than to help 1000 observers one-by-one.