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Animals

Animals. Multicellular Heterotrophic Lack cell walls Sexual Reproduction Movement Specialization – adaptation for a cell for a particular function Cells  tissues  organs  organ systems. Dorsal – top Ventral – bottom Anterior – head Posterior - Tail. Body Structure.

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Animals

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  1. Animals

  2. Multicellular Heterotrophic Lack cell walls Sexual Reproduction Movement Specialization – adaptation for a cell for a particular function Cells  tissues  organs  organ systems

  3. Dorsal – top Ventral – bottom Anterior – head Posterior - Tail Body Structure

  4. Asymmetry – no symmetry 23.2 Animal Diversity Body Symmetry • Radial – arrangement of body parts around a central axis • - top & bottom, no front, back, or right & left sides • Bilateral symmetry – 2 similar halves on either side of a central plane

  5. 23.2 Animal Diversity Radial Symmetry – allows for organism to take in stimuli from all sides

  6. 23.2 Animal Diversity Bilateral Symmetry – adaptation for movement

  7. concentration of sensory & brain structures in the anterior region 23.2 Animal Diversity Cephalization No-cephalization

  8. Gamete + Gamete = Zygote Sperm membrane fuses with egg membrane causes an electrical shock that blocks entry by other sperm Sperm nucleus merges with egg nucleus 23.2 Animal Diversity Fertilization

  9. Rapidly increases # of cells, but cells do not grow in size Increases surface area-to-volume ratio Continues until they form a hollow ball of cells – blastula Central cavity - blastocoel 23.2 Animal Diversity Cleavage – cell divisions of the zygote immediately following fertilization

  10. Blastopore – infolded region - will function as the gut Gastrula – multilayered embryo Deep cavity is formed – archenteron – embryonic stem cells Ectoderm – outer germ (cell) layer Skin, hair, etc. Endoderm – inner germ layer Digestive system Mesoderm – layer between ectoderm & endoderm Muscular and Skeletal systems 23.2 Animal Diversity Gastrulation – blastula collapses inward

  11. 23.2 Animal Diversity

  12. Protostomes – blastopore first develops into a mouth Deuterostomes – blastopore first develops into anus 23.2 Animal Diversity Patterns of Development

  13. Acoelomates – body cavity is absent Flatworms Pseudocoelomate – mesoderm lines the fluid-filled coelom (body cavity) Coelomates – mesoderm lines the body cavity and surrounds and supports the gut 23.2 Animal Diversity Types of Body Cavities

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