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Congenital Heart Defects

Congenital Heart Defects. Chrissy Russell Liz McIe. What is it?. A defect in the structure of the heart and great vessels which is present at birth. Abnormal heart development. How the heart works. Distributes blood throughout the body Four chambers Top two; left and right atria.

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Congenital Heart Defects

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  1. Congenital Heart Defects Chrissy Russell Liz McIe

  2. What is it? • A defect in the structure of the heart and great vessels which is present at birth. • Abnormal heart development

  3. How the heart works • Distributes blood throughout the body • Four chambers • Top two; left and right atria. • Bottom two; left and right ventricles. • Blood vessels lead out of these chambers. • “Oxygenated blood from the lungs flows into your heart and is then pumped out to the rest of your body. Once the blood has delivered the oxygen to the tissues of the body, it returns to your heart and gets pumped back out to the lungs where it will be re-oxygenated.”

  4. Types of chd • Dextrocardia • Ebstein’s Anomaly • Holt- Oram Syndrome • EndocardialFibroelastosis • DiGeorge Syndrome • Coronary Artery Anomaly • Long QT Syndrome • Marfan Syndrome • Mitral Valve Prolapse • Noonan Syndrome • Pulmonary Atresia • Pulmonary Stenosis • Williams Syndrome • Truncus Arteriosis

  5. Other names • Artherosclerosis • Coronary Heart Disease • Hardening of the arteries • Heart disease • Ischemic Heart Disease • Narrowing of the arteries

  6. Cause • Usually occurs without any cause • 7-8 cases a year per 1000 live births • Rubella infection- Can cause syndrome of deafness, heart defects, cataracts, and microcephaly. • Thalidomide ingestion- A drug for morning sickness. Can cause major limb defects and heart birth defects. • Lithium Therapy- Can cause fetal tricuspid valve anomalies if taken during pregnancy.

  7. Continued… • Hypoxia • Deficiency or excess of several vitamins • Drugs of various categones • Ionizing radiation

  8. Signs & symptoms • Chest discomfort • Shortness of breath • Indigestion • Heartburn • Nausea and vomiting • Cold sweats • Irregular heartbeats • Fatigue • Trouble sleeping

  9. Diagnosis • Many different tests can be taken to diagnose: • Coronary angiography/arteriography -- an invasive test that evaluates the heart arteries under x-ray • CT angiography -- a noninvasive way to perform coronary angiography • Echocardiogram • Electrocardiogram (ECG) • Electron-beam computed tomography (EBCT) to look for calcium in the lining of the arteries -- the more calcium, the higher your chance for CHD • Exercise stress test • Heart CT scan • Magnetic resonance angiography • Nuclear stress test

  10. Treatments • A lot of CHD are treated by medications • It depends on how severe the heart defect is for what treatment is needed. • Maintain healthy weight and watch what you eat. • Go to the doctor regularly

  11. Resources • http://www.capitalcardiology.com/heartwork.htm • http://www.congenitalheartdefects.com/typesofCHD.html • http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/cad/names.html • http://www.ehow.com/about_5130526_signs-symptoms-coronary-heart-disease.html • http://health.nytimes.com/health/guides/disease/coronary-heart-disease/overview.html

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