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Chapter 9 Printed & Electronic Reference Sources

California Specialized Training Institute. Haz Mat Technician 1B Applied Chemistry. Chapter 9 Printed & Electronic Reference Sources. Session Objectives. The student will be able to: Identify the four types of printed and electronic reference sources

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Chapter 9 Printed & Electronic Reference Sources

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  1. California Specialized Training Institute Haz Mat Technician 1BApplied Chemistry • Chapter 9 • Printed & Electronic Reference Sources

  2. Session Objectives • The student will be able to: • Identify the four types of printed and electronic reference sources • Describe the advantages and disadvantages of each reference source • Utilize various reference sources to identify hazard and response information for the provided chemicals

  3. Printed & Electronic Reference Sources • Can be into four types: • Database - concentrates on specific property data • Guidebook - action guides • Specialty - a highly specific and narrow topic • Regulatory - codes, regulations, ordinances, response plans

  4. Electronic Data Reference Sources • Advantages: • increasing amount of information available • updated versions faster and less expensive • less cumbersome • are becoming faster, smaller, more powerful, more reliable, with greater storage capacities

  5. Electronic Data Reference Sources • Advantages: • peripherals enhance our ability to function • notebook computers allow battery power • wireless access to the evolving Internet • more information available on Internet • CD storage capacity for information • more versatile and interactive software

  6. Electronic Data Reference Sources • Disadvantages: • corruption, crash or freeze problems • easily damaged • power outages • connection problems • data may not be current or reliable • user proficiency

  7. Printed and Electronic Data Reference Sources • Maintain backup power source • Maintain current versions of printed references

  8. Database Reference Sources • Contain vast amounts of technical data • hundreds to thousands of chemicals • Usually the most valuable for extracting specific chemical data • Concentrate on chemical/physical properties • May also cover • toxicology • reactivity • other properties

  9. Database Reference Sources • Other things you might find include: • Common chemical terms • Synonyms (cross-referencing common names, generic names, proper shipping names, etc.) • Charts and graphs • List of chemical manufacturers

  10. Database Reference Sources • Chemicals may be arranged in many ways: • in alphabetical order • in a numerical order • CAS number • UN/NA number • in an alphanumeric system • to accommodate chemicals with isomers • chemicals listed first alphabetically, then numerically

  11. Database Reference Sources • Differ considerably from guidebook reference sources • Do not usually contain action guides • Can have their own areas of emphasis • May have chapters dealing with a variety of additional topics • Limitations of a particular reference source should not detract from its usefulness

  12. Common Database Reference Sources • Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials (Sax Manual) • Hawley’s Condensed Chemical Dictionary • CHRIS Manual, US Coast Guard • NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards • Merck Index • Hazardous Materials Handbook (Pohanish) • A Comprehensive Guide to the Hazardous Properties of Chemical Substances

  13. Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials • SAX Manual • contains over 30,000 chemicals in 3 volumes • each new edition adds about 2000 entries • Synonyms, cross-indexed • CAS numbers, cross-indexed • DOT identification numbers, cross-indexed • ACGIH Table of TLVs • Table of abbreviations used in the manual

  14. Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials (Sax Manual) • Why so popular: • Reliability, updated routinely • Large size of database • Relative ease of use • Extensive information profile for most chemicals • Good source of health and toxicological data

  15. Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials (Sax Manual) • Limitations: • liberal use of abbreviations • toxicity data is sometimes difficult to interpret • spelling of some chemicals is complex • molecular formula is presented in simplest form • not the more informative expanded form C10H19O6PS2 Simple Molecular Formula - SAX Manual (CH3O)2P(S)SCH(COOC2H5)CH2COOC2H5 Expanded Molecular Formula - Chemical Dictionary

  16. Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials (Sax Manual) • Other limitations • No chemical protective clothing recommendations • No evacuation suggestions • No decontamination suggestions • No emergency action guides or suggestions • No neutralization or cleanup guidelines • No container identification

  17. Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials (Sax Manual) • Other limitations • No definitions of chemical terms and phrases • Limited information on symptoms of exposure • No first aid actions • Limited information on antidotes or notes to physician • No proper chemical names (some entries, such as malathion, are listed by generic name only)

  18. Typical Entry for Arsenic

  19. Dangerous Properties Of Industrial Materials (Sax Manual) • electronic version of the printed reference • contains the same database • well designed • user friendly • very fast

  20. Dangerous Properties Of Industrial Materials (Sax Manual) • Excellent “search” capability: • Chemical name or portion of name • Synonym • CAS Number • Molecular weight • Hazard class rating

  21. Dangerous Properties Of Industrial Materials (Sax Manual) • Typical “search” or “query” window

  22. Dangerous Properties Of Industrial Materials(Sax Manual) • Selected page

  23. Hawley’s Condensed Chemical Dictionary • Contains about 5000 chemical entries • Another 4000 chemical and physical terms • Each new edition adds about 200 new listings • Laid out very much like a dictionary • Easy to use

  24. Hawley’s Condensed Chemical Dictionary • Sections: • Introduction - explains how to use the book • Table of Abbreviations • Table of the Origin of Chemical Terms • Table of the History of Chemistry • Table of Manufacturers of Trademark Products

  25. Hawley’s Condensed Chemical Dictionary • Advantages: • Reliability • Thoroughness regarding chemical and physical properties • Readability and ease of use • Inclusion of terms, phenomenon, and process definitions • Use of expanded molecular formulas • Identifies typical uses of the substance in industry

  26. Hawley’s Condensed Chemical Dictionary • Limitations: • Very limited synonym listings for each entry • Very limited toxicological data • No chemical protective clothing recommendations • No evacuation distances or suggestions • No decontamination suggestions • No emergency action and intervention guides • No container descriptions and identification • No first aid or antidote information

  27. Typical Entry for Sulfur

  28. Hawley’s Condensed Chemical Dictionary • electronic version of the printed reference • contains same database as the printed manual • well designed, user friendly and very fast

  29. Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary • Excellent “search” capability: • Chemical name or portion of name • Synonym • CAS Number • Molecular weight • Hazard class rating

  30. Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary • A typical “query”

  31. Chemical Hazard Response Information System (CHRIS Manual) • Commonly known as the CHRIS Manual • Consists of three volumes, in very large three-ring binders • A single chemical entry on one entire page • Very detailed • Contains some unique data fields

  32. Chemical Hazard Response Information System (CHRIS Manual) • Contains 1300 very detailed entries • new editions usually has only 20 new entries • Chemicals in its database represent principally chemicals • transported over water • regulated by transportation standards • For spills on water or that threaten waterways • an excellent resource for chemical emergencies on land

  33. Chemical Hazard Response Information System (CHRIS Manual) • Advantages: • Reliability (data is accurate and thorough) • Comprehensive detail on physical and chemical properties (considered the best) • One full page dedicated to just one chemical • Easy-to-use format design

  34. Chemical Hazard Response Information System (CHRIS Manual) • Advantages: • Contains some precautionary emergency action suggestions - highlighted in red • Provides some health hazard information not available in other references • Contains considerable information regarding reactive hazards, pollution, contamination

  35. Chemical Hazard Response Information System (CHRIS Manual) • Includes special sections : • Very detailed explanations of terms • A chapter with conversion factors • A separate table listing reactivity groups • An index to synonyms • Two main disadvantages • database limited to water transportation chemicals • difficult to read print

  36. Chemical Hazard Response Information System (CHRIS Manual) • Electronic version • Available on CD • In ChemKnowledge • In OREIS

  37. Typical Entry for Hydrogen Chloride

  38. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards • Laid out in a table format • referred to as the chemical listing • Contains 700 chemical entries • Updated every two to three years • Each revision adds five to ten new entries

  39. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards • Features include: • Explanation of abbreviations and terms used • A personal protection and sanitation chart • A chart of symbols, code components, and codes used for respirator selection • A chart of abbreviations for symptoms of exposure and target organs • A CAS number index • A DOT I.D. number index • A synonym and trade name index

  40. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards • Advantages: • very reliable and easy and use. • arranged in a pocket guide style • lists ionization potential • good source for PEL, TLV-TWA, and IDLH values • has information on target organ effects.

  41. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards • Limitations: • focus is on health-related data • detailed physical and chemical properties are beyond the scope of its intent • database is limited to just 700 chemicals • difficult to read • contains no emergency action guidelines.

  42. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards • Electronic version • Available on CD • In ChemKnowledge • In OREIS

  43. Typical Entry for MEK Peroxide & Xylene

  44. The Merck Index • Useful for medical information • Can be technical • Appendix of radioactive isotopes and half lives • Electronic version available on CD • Very user-friendly • Minimal instructions • Tiny print

  45. The Merck Index • Typical display

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