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Mini - Benchmark Review

Mini - Benchmark Review. First Nine Weeks. Implicit/Explicit. Implicit – questions answered not directly through text; reader must determine for themselves Explicit – Questions answered directly. Theme. broad idea, message or moral to the story Not explicitly stated Little Red Riding Hood

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Mini - Benchmark Review

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  1. Mini - Benchmark Review First Nine Weeks

  2. Implicit/Explicit Implicit – questions answered not directly through text; reader must determine for themselves Explicit – Questions answered directly

  3. Theme • broad idea, message or moral to the story • Not explicitly stated • Little Red Riding Hood • Don’t talk to strangers • Good will win over bad

  4. Tone • Author’s feelings/emotions toward the subject • “Sinners at the Hands of an Angry God” • Pleading with use of fear • Love of God • “Upon the Burning of Our House…” • Conflicted between being human and trusting in God • Sad at loss • Happy for future salvation

  5. Author’s Purpose • Why did the author write his book, poem, play, etc. • “Sinners at the Hands of an Angry God” • Wants people to become baptized and be saved • “Upon the burning of our house” • Needs to deal with the total loss of her home

  6. Generalizations • What can you determine from the reading? • “Sinners at the Hands of an Angry God” • Edwards has a strong belief in God • “Upon the burning of our house…” • Bradstreet has a strong belief in God

  7. Figures of Speech • Personification • Giving human characteristics to inhuman things • “…there is hell’s wide gaping mouth open…” (Edwards “Sinners…”) • Metaphor • Compare two unlike things without using like or as • “…if God should withdraw His hand, they would avail no more to keep you from falling, than the thin air to hold up a person that is suspended in it. (Edwards “Sinners…”)

  8. Figures of Speech cont’d • Simile • Compare two unlike things using like or as • “The wrath of God is like great waters that are dammed for the present; they increase more and more, and rise higher and higher, till an outlet is given; and the longer the stream is stopped, the more rapid and mighty is its course, when once it is let loose.” (Edwards “Sinners…”) • Hyperbole • Exaggeration • “I had a ton of homework.” • Irony • Words or events that are opposite of the literal meaning or intent • Students really love to take tests. • Fire station burning down

  9. Literary Devices • Onomatopoeia • word that represents a sound • The curtain rustled. • Rhyme • Repetition of similar sounds in two or more words In silent night when rest I took         For sorrow near I did not look  I wakened was with thund’ring noise  And piteous shrieks of dreadful voice. (Bradstreet “Here are some verses…)

  10. Literary Devices, cont’d • Alliteration • Repeating of same sound in the beginning of the a series of words • Sally sold seashells by the sea shore. • Imagery • Using words that call to the reader’s 5 senses (hear, see, feel, smell, or taste) • “The devil is waiting for them, hell is gaping for them, the flames gather and flash about them, and would fain lay hold on them, and swallow them up; the fire pent up in their own hearts is struggling to break out” (Edwards “Sinners…)

  11. Register • how something is written/spoken • Formal • Used in business, school essays, formal settings • Informal • Used with friends and family

  12. Register cont’d • Connotation • Perceived meaning • Denotation • Dictionary meaning • Example - HOT • Hot is defined as “high temperature”. (101 degrees is hot.) • That is a hot girl/guy. (That is a very good-looking girl/guy)

  13. Point of View • 1st person • narrator is a character in the story; uses “I” • Olaudah Equiano autobiography • 2nd person • Refers to a character as “you” • 3rd person • Every character referred to as he, she, it they, never I or me • Native American Oral Tradition • 3rd person limited • Narrator does not know all thoughts/emotions of all the characters

  14. Writing Read prompt Pre-writing: planning through outline, web diagram, Venn diagram, etc. Rough Draft Self-Edit 2nd Rough Draft Self-Edit Final Draft

  15. Writing - Planning A Special Person In English class, Sarah has been asked to write a description of someone special to her. Sarah wants to write about her older brother. Which of these would best help Sarah write her description of her older brother? • Calling his friends and telling them about him • Thinking about all the things she likes about him • Making a list of things she wants him to do for her • Asking him to take her to the library

  16. Editing Here is the first part of Sarah’s rough draft. Draft A (1)A special person in my life is my big brother. (2)His name is Ben. (3)He has always been there to help me out and has been there for me when I needed him. How are sentences 1 and 2 best combined? • A special person in my life is Ben, my big brother. • A special person in my life is Ben, he is my big brother. • In my life a special person is my big brother, his name is Ben. • My big brother Ben, he is a special person in my life.

  17. Editing Sarah has written a second draft of the first part of her essay. Draft B: (1)A special person in my life is my big brother. (2)His name is Ben. (3)He has always been supportive of me. In rewriting sentence 3 of Draft A, how has Sarah improved sentence 3 of Draft B? • She has created a fragment. • She has changed the meaning entirely. • She has expressed the idea more concisely. • She has shifted the point of view.

  18. Vocabulary Using context clues Using affixes

  19. Context Clues Projectiles include those items that are shot forward such as a cannon shell, bullet, or rocket. Using the example clue, the word projectiles in this sentence means   things put down   things shot forward   things hurt   things broken

  20. Context Clues cont’d The professor was a favorite among the students at the college. His sagacity was helpful to them as they pursued their degrees. The professor was known to use his experience, insight, and common sense to help students pursue their education. Using the example clue, the word sagacity in this sentence means   silliness   thoughtlessness   wisdom   negligence

  21. Affixes • Prefixes • ANTE – before • AB – away from • A – not, without • BIO – life • Root: • JUR – law • PATH – feeling • Suffix: • ENCE – state or quality of OLOGY – science or study of ARY – one who • antedate: before the present day • abnormal: not acting usual or normal • atypical: not usual • biology: study of life • Jurisdiction: area in which law is exercised • empathy: feeling for others • absence: state of not being here • biology: study of life • cautionary: one who acts with caution

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