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Concentrations of particulate matter (PM 10 , PM 2.5 ) in Norway

Concentrations of particulate matter (PM 10 , PM 2.5 ) in Norway. TFMM-Workshop Paris 28 Nov – 1 Dec 2006. Karl Espen Yttri Department for Atmospheric and Climate Research, Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU) - CCC. Norwegian measurement sites - Geographic situation of sites.

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Concentrations of particulate matter (PM 10 , PM 2.5 ) in Norway

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  1. Concentrations of particulate matter (PM10, PM2.5) in Norway TFMM-Workshop Paris 28 Nov – 1 Dec 2006 Karl Espen Yttri Department for Atmospheric and Climate Research, Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU) - CCC

  2. Norwegian measurement sites - Geographic situation of sites PM10: 9 traffic sites 7 urban background 1 rural background (Birkenes) PM2.5: 6 traffic sites 2 urban background 1 rural background (Birkenes) • Figure 1: Geographical situation of site reporting measurements of PM in 2005 • Black text: PM10 • Red text: PM10 and PM2.5

  3. PM concentrations at Birkenes - Core PM data • Annual mean PM10 (5.4 – 7.1 µg m-3) • Mean PM2.5/PM10 ratio: 0.6 • LRT episodes PM10: 30 - 50 µg m-3 • Increased PM concentrations in summer compared to winter • Increased PM concentrations reported for SE wind direction Annual variation of PM10, PM2.5 and PM10-2.5 at the rural site Birkenes PM concentrations as a function of wind direction

  4. Chemical composition of PM10 at Birkenes - Nearly there... 85% of the mass is accounted for

  5. Urban backgr. sites Traffic sites Urban air concentrations of PM in 2005 - PM10

  6. Urban backgr. sites Traffic sites Urban air concentrations of PM in 2005 - PM2.5 Main observation: Much higher concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 in winter compared to summer

  7. Possible reasons for seasonal variation of PM - Domestic wood burning and resuspended road dust • High concentrations of levoglucosan in Norwegian cities and towns in winter • (0.1 - 1.0 µg m-3) • High correlation for levoglucosan vs PM • R2 = 0.7 - 0.9 Yttri et al., 2005, J. Air & Waste Manage Assoc. 55, 1169-1177) Studded tires severely affects the conc. of PM10-2.5 in winter (22 µg m-3) compared to summer (9 µg m-3)

  8. Correlation between size fractions and sites - Seasonal variations Impact of residential wood burning and resuspended road dust in winter impair correlation between PM10 and PM2.5 on an annual basis, and also between sites

  9. Long range transport contribution to Oslo - Positive matrix factorisation (PMF) Source profile for LRT PM10 obtained for a traffic site in Oslo in winter 2004 and winter 2004/2005 Calculated concentrations of LRT PM10 and LRT PM2.5 at a traffic site in Oslo (n = 80) LRT PM10: 7.2 µg m-3 ~10% of PM10 (75 µg m-3) LRT PM2.5: 5.9 µg m-3 23% of PM2.5 (25 µg m-3)

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