Thought for the Day & Warm-up

1. Thought for the Day… Warm-up Thought for the Day & Warm-up Complete “What I know about…” http://padlet.com/wall/CHSHS13

2. Medical Terminology Ch. 10 The Nervous System Day 1

3. Agenda: Ch. 10 Lesson 1 • Objective: The student will be able to: • 1) Describe the structures AND define terms related to the diagnostic procedures of the nervous system • 2) Describe anesthesia/neurology specialties • Lesson: Ch.10 The Nervous System • Quiz 10 Monday, May 12th (A-day) or Tuesday, May 13th (B-day)

4. Structures

5. Brain • Encephal/o and Cerebr/o • Coordinates all activities of the body by receiving and transmitting messages throughout the body. • Cerebrospinal Fluid • Fluid that cushions and nourishes the brain and spinal cord • Note: Cephal/o • Head

6. Meninges • Mening/o

7. Spinal Cord • Myel/o • Transmits nerve impulses between the brain, limbs, and lower part of the body.

8. Nerves • Neur/o • Receive and transmit messages to and from all parts of the body. • Myelin Sheath • Protective covering of the neuron • Neurotransmitters • Chemical substances that make nerve impulse transmission possible

9. Cranial Nerves

10. Spinal Nerves

11. Diagnostic Procedures • Carotid Ultrasonography • process of using sound to take a 3D picture of the carotid arteries to determine blood flow and plaque build-up • Echoencephalography • process of using sound to take a 2D picture of the brain structures

12. Diagnostic Procedures • Electroencephalography • Myelography

13. Medical Specialty: Anesthesia • Types of Anesthetics • Local- directly affects the surgical site • Ex: minor dental procedures (cavity fillings) • Regional- affects the area around major nerves (larger, but limited body area) • Ex: Epidural Anesthesia • General- affects the brain and entire body • Ex: major surgery (requires assistive breathing device)

14. Epidural Anesthesia • Anesthesia produced from injecting an anesthetic into the epidural space of the spinal cord • Ex: childbirth

15. Medical Specialty: Anesthesia • Anesthesiologist • Physician • Anesthetist • Registered Nurse

16. Medical Specialty: Neurology • Neurologist • Neurosurgeon

17. Individual Activity • Complete Ch.10 Learning Exercises (day 1)

18. Review & Looking Ahead… • Discussed: The structures AND define terms related to the diagnostic procedures of the nervous system and anesthesia and neurology specialties. • Next class topic: Terms related to neurology. • Quiz 10 Monday, May 12th (A-day) or Tuesday, May 13th (B-day)

19. Medical Terminology Ch. 10 The Nervous System Day 2

20. Thought for the Day… Warm-up Thought for the Day & Warm-up Warm-Up B http://padlet.com/wall/CHSHS13

21. Agenda: Ch. 10 Lesson 2 • Objective: The student will be able to understands terms related to neurology. • Lesson: The Nervous System • Medical Specialty: Neurology (continued) • True Life: “I Have a Traumatic Brain Injury” • Quiz 10 Monday, May 12th (A-day) or Tuesday, May 13th (B-day)

22. Pathology of the Brain & Spinal Cord • Migraine Headache • Throbbing pain on one side of the head with nausea, vomiting, and/or light sensitivity • Head pain (headache) • Cephalgia • Inflammation of the brain • Encephalitis • Water (excess fluid) in the head • Hydrocephalus • Hernia/protrusion of the meninges • Meningocele • Inflammation of the meninges • Meningitis • Inflammation of the spinal cord • Myelitis • Delirium • Acute condition of confusion, agitation, hallucinations (usually caused by high fever)

23. Stroke • Damage that occurs to the brain when blood flow is disrupted

24. Brain Injuries • Concussion • the violent shaking up of the brain • Cerebral Contusion • bruising of the brain tissue • Cerebral Hematoma • a collection of blood trapped in the tissues of the brain

25. Levels of Consciousness • Syncope • Fainting • Lethargy • Lowered level of consciousness (drowsiness, apathy, reduced activity) • Coma • Deep state of unconsciousness • No spontaneous eye movement, speech, or response to pain

26. Epilepsy • Seizure disorder (recurrent/sudden episodes of surges of electrical activity in the brain)

27. Brain Disorders • Dementia • progressive decline in mental abilities (memory/thinking/judgment) • Alzheimer’s Disease • progressive deterioration of the brain structures that affect thought/memory/language/reasoning

28. Alzheimer’s- Under the Microscope

29. Alzheimer’s- Brain Comparison

30. Alzheimer’s- The Progression

31. Brain Disorders (continued) • Parkinson’s Disease • progressive loss of control over muscle movements (tremors, bradykinesia, shuffling gait)

32. Abnormal Sensations • Burning pain • Causalgia • Condition of excessive sensation (sensitivity to touch/pain) • Hyperesthesia • Abnormal sensation (tingling/prickling) • Paresthesia

33. Nerve Disorders • Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) • a/myo/trophic lateral sclerosis • “without muscle development/nourishment” • nerve cells deteriorate and cannot send impulses to the muscles which results in progressive muscle weakness and eventual paralysis • Also called “Lou Gehrig’s Disease”

34. Nerve Disorders (continued) • GuillainBarre Syndrome • Autoimmune-related inflammation of the myelin sheath of peripheral nerves that can lead to temporary paralysis • Multiple Sclerosis • autoimmune-related demyelination which disrupts the transmission of nerve impulses

35. Nerve Disorders (continued)Cranial Nerves Bell’s Palsy -temporary paralysis of one of the 7th cranial nerves Trigeminal Neuralgia -lightning-like pain from inflammation of one of the 5th cranial nerves

36. Nerve Disorders (continued)Spinal Nerves • Sciatica • inflammation of a spinal nerve that results in pain in the thigh/leg

37. Video: Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)

38. Review & Looking Ahead… • Discussed: Terms related to neurology. • Next class topic: Terms related to mental health. • Quiz 10 Monday, May 12th (A-day) or Tuesday, May 13th (B-day)

39. Medical Terminology Ch. 10 The Nervous System Day 3

40. Thought for the Day… Warm-up Thought for the Day & Warm-up Warm-up C http://padlet.com/wall/CHSHS13

41. Agenda: Ch. 10 Lesson 3 • Objective: The student will be able to understands terms related to mental health. • Lesson: The Nervous System • Medical Specialty: Mental Health • True Life: “I Have Schizophrenia” • Quiz 10 Monday, May 12th (A-day) or Tuesday, May 13th (B-day)

42. Medical Specialty: Mental Health • Psychiatrist • Chemical dependency • Emotional Problems • Mental Illness • Psychologist • Emotional Problems

43. Developmental Disorders • Autism • spectrum of disorders in which an individual cannot develop normal social relationships • Dyslexia • learning disability in which the brain cannot process symbols (reading disorder)

44. Sleep Disorders • Insomnia • Narcolepsy

45. Phobias • Abnormal fear of (being on) top (high places) • Acrophobia • Abnormal fear of barriers (enclosed spaces) • Claustrophobia

46. Anxiety Disorders • Panic Attack • intense emotional feelings (fear/terror) with physical symptoms • Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) • characterized by recurrent/unwanted obsessions and compulsions (impulses to act)

47. Anxiety Disorders • Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) • characterized by symptoms of anxiety/sleep disorders/difficulty concentrating/emotional disturbances that may develop after a traumatic event • Anxiolytic • “Anxio/lytic” • anxiety destroying • medication that relieves anxiety and reduces tension (also known as an antianxiety or tranquilizer)

48. Impulse Control Disorders • Madness to steal • Kleptomania • Madness (with setting) fires • Pyromania • Madness related to hair (pulling) • Trichotillomania

49. Illness-Related Disorders • Factitious Disorder • condition in which an individual acts as if he/she has a physical illness when he/she is not really sick • Hypochondriasis • fear that one has a serious illness despite appropriate medical evaluation

50. Psychotic Disorders • Delusion • a false personal belief • Hallucination • sensory perception (sight, touch, sound, smell, taste) experienced without actual stimulation