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Chapter 2 Lecture

Chapter 2 Lecture. Worlds Collide: The Expansion of Europe. Key Topics. *European background of American colonization *Creation of the Spanish New World empire and its first extensions to North America *The large-scale intercontinental exchange of peoples, crops, animals, and diseases

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Chapter 2 Lecture

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  1. Chapter 2 Lecture Worlds Collide: The Expansion of Europe

  2. Key Topics *European background of American colonization *Creation of the Spanish New World empire and its first extensions to North America *The large-scale intercontinental exchange of peoples, crops, animals, and diseases *The French role in the beginning of the North America fur trade *England’s first overseas Ireland and America

  3. Post-it-Note Review Based on your reading and your prior knowledge, describe Europe in the14th, 15th and 16th centuries. Discussion question #2: What economical changes are occurring? What political changes are occurring? Be ready to further explain your responses

  4. Factors of the Renaissance • Religious ideals and values changed (What disastrous event would cause people to second guess and question the one power institution of the church? • Consumerism • Rise of Monarchies(Legitimacy) • Technological advancements • Crusades • Humanism/secularism • Feeling and ideology of human possibility

  5. Statement: Europeans were not so much innovators as magnificent adaptors. • Turn and talk • What is meaning of the statement? • How does this statement provide Europeans justification to pursue the New World?

  6. First the Portuguese and then the Spanish *Provide 2 reasons why some European states were better positioned for colonizing than others. (Map on page 36) *What allowed the Portuguese to begin the age of exploration? *Where did their conquests lead them? What precedent did they begin?

  7. The partnership that changed the world Christopher Columbus (Linked to 500 Nations episode) King Ferdinand of Castile and Queen Isabella of Aragon

  8. Analyze the picture using AP-PARTS

  9. The Spanish and the New World White Board Activity -Groups of 3 -Discuss your notes from pages 39-44 -5-7 mins. Answer the following: Not using the standards and bias of today, how would you assess and evaluate the Spanish conquest of the Americas? (Read aloud Conquistadors American Pageant pg.18)

  10. The Spanish and the New World • Institution of Encomienda • Eventual depletion of gold • Depletion of the Native population • Became the leading empire in Europe • Precedence set for other Conquistadors • Violence, plundering, slaughtering • Cortez, Balboa, Pizzaro, de Leon, de Soto, de Coronado, etc. Discuss Primary Source Reading of One Aztec Remembers… Evaluate the pictures depicting Spanish cruelties to natives (pg. 42)

  11. Discussion Question # 3: • What factors enabled the Spanish to conquer the Aztec empire?

  12. Conclusion and assignment • Exit ticket • Summarize the key concepts of today’s lecture and activities in 3-4 sentences • Assignment for tomorrow: • Finish reading of Chapter 2 (Take notes and outline) • Completion of discussion questions (1,3,4,5) • Work on completion of Learning Targets • Read through each of the following primary sources and be ready to discuss them tomorrow: * The English and the Algonquins at Roanoke (pg. 32-33) *A French Captain Describes His First Contact with the Indians in 1534. (Chapter 2 Primary Source Packet)

  13. Chapter 2 Lecture: Part 2 Smart Start: (White Board) 2-3 mins. Briefly discuss with a partner next to you about the First European attempts in the conquest of the mainland of North America. Be sure to provide 2 pieces of evidence to support your understanding.

  14. Map 2.4 European Exploration, 1492-1591 By the mid-sixteenth century, Europeans had explored most of the Atlantic coast of North America and penetrated into the interior in the disastrous expeditions of de Soto and Coronado.

  15. Part of an expedition in 1528 that failed and ended in some of the men wondering the southwest and gulf coast regions. Published account in which he told rumors of empire known as Cibola (Most likely referred to the Native Tribe of the Mississippians. New Wave of Spanish Conquistadors Juan Ponce de Leon First to attempt N.A. mainland conquest (1513) Governor of Puerto Rico Named Florida In his attempt, killed by Natives Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca Hernando de Soto Francisco Vasquez de Coronado Veteran of Peru conquest Expedition Florida and the South. Moved to Mississippi and Arkansas Army heavily depleted and mauled. Eventually died on conquest Led conquest in Rio Grande region (Texas border) and Southwest Came in contact with Pueblo Natives and Great Plain Natives Disappointed to find trace of gold

  16. Spanish Empire of inclusion • By 1592 250,000 Spaniards had come to the new world • Same time 125,000 Africans as slaves • Treaty of Tordesillasdivided the Americas (North and South) between Portugal and Spain • Women only made up 10% of pop. • Intermarriage (Mestizos= Spanish/Native Mullato= Spanish/African)

  17. Stop….let’s discuss Question # 3(little more enhanced and review) What factors enabled the Spanish to conquer not only the Aztecs, but the vast population of the Natives living in the Americas?

  18. The quest for Furs (Picture and Primary source analysis)

  19. Major changes occurring….. • Who is Martin Luther? • What role did he play in changing the course of history? • Why do you believe his movement had such the impact and effect it did?

  20. Revolution and Reformation • 1517: Martin Luther develops and proclaims his 95 Thesis which claims that eternal salvation is a gift from God, not earned through good deeds. • Attraction to many over Europe (Faced persecution from Catholics) • 1533: John Calvin takes Lutheranism to a new level where in he preaches that God has chosen a small percentage to salvation and the rest are condemned. (Predestination)

  21. So, we know of the Spanish and now the French. What about the English? • Sit back…..here is a short overview of how the Reformation changed not only the view on religion, but changed a little island nation for ever.

  22. Queen Elizabeth I: Golden Age of England (1558-1603) • How did Queen Elizabeth try to get England involved in the age of exploration? • What challenges did England have to face? • Successful at first?

  23. Roanoke 1588-1589 • What happened to this colony? • Why did it fail to sustain and be successful? • What predictions can be made from the experiences of Roanoke and what the English will face at Jamestown in 1607?

  24. So, let’s discuss once more Question #5 What role did the Protestant Reformation play in enabling Europeans embark on the conquest of the Americas?

  25. Conclusion For tomorrow: • Write your first journal entry (200-250 words) that demonstrates your understanding of the concepts of chapter 2. • Prepare for your first quiz (Multiple choice)

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