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§ 1.2

Data Classification. § 1.2. Types of Data. Data sets can consist of two types of data: qualitative data and quantitative data. Data. Quantitative Data. Qualitative Data. Consists of attributes, labels, or nonnumerical entries. Consists of numerical measurements or counts.

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§ 1.2

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  1. Data Classification § 1.2

  2. Types of Data Data sets can consist of two types of data: qualitative data and quantitative data. Data Quantitative Data Qualitative Data Consists of attributes, labels, or nonnumerical entries. Consists of numerical measurements or counts.

  3. Qualitative data Quantitative data Qualitative and Quantitative Data Example: The grade point averages of five students are listed in the table. Which data are qualitative data and which are quantitative data?

  4. Lowest to highest Levels of Measurement The level of measurement determines which statistical calculations are meaningful. The four levels of measurement are: nominal, ordinal, interval,and ratio. Nominal Levels of Measurement Ordinal Interval Ratio

  5. Nominal Level of Measurement Data at the nominallevel of measurement are qualitative only. Nominal Calculated using names, labels, or qualities. No mathematical computations can be made at this level. Levels of Measurement Colors in the US flag Names of students in your class Textbooks you are using this semester

  6. Ordinal Level of Measurement Data at the ordinallevel of measurement are qualitative or quantitative. Levels of Measurement Ordinal Arranged in order, but differences between data entries are not meaningful. Class standings: freshman, sophomore, junior, senior Numbers on the back of each player’s shirt Top 50 songs played on the radio

  7. Interval Level of Measurement Data at the intervallevel of measurement are quantitative. A zero entry simply represents a position on a scale; the entry is not an inherent zero. Levels of Measurement Interval Arranged in order, the differences between data entries can be calculated. Temperatures Years on a timeline Atlanta Braves World Series victories

  8. Ratio Level of Measurement Data at the ratiolevel of measurement are similar to the interval level, but a zero entry is meaningful. A ratio of two data values can be formed so one data value can be expressed as a ratio. Levels of Measurement Ratio Ages Grade point averages Weights

  9. Level of measurement Put data in categories Arrange data in order Subtract data values Determine if one data value is a multiple of another Summary of Levels of Measurement Nominal Yes No No No Ordinal Yes Yes No No Interval Yes Yes Yes No Ratio Yes Yes Yes Yes

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