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Critical Thinking – Athens and Sparta

Critical Thinking – Athens and Sparta. 1. Athens and Sparta had two completely different fighting styles (navy vs. ground). Make an inference on which city-state has the best chance of defeating the other and give three reasons why. The Peloponnesian Wars. Chapter 4 – Section 4 ALCOS # 4

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Critical Thinking – Athens and Sparta

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  1. Critical Thinking – Athens and Sparta • 1. Athens and Sparta had two completely different fighting styles (navy vs. ground). Make an inference on which city-state has the best chance of defeating the other and give three reasons why.

  2. The Peloponnesian Wars • Chapter 4 – Section 4 • ALCOS # 4 • Objective: I can identify the causes and effects of the Peloponnesian Wars through analyzing a secondary source.

  3. The Peloponnesian War • As the Athenian empire grew rich and powerful, other city-states grew suspicious. • Led by Sparta, they joined forces against Athens. • Remember, Athens and Sparta had two completely different types of societies.

  4. The Peloponnesian War • The two groups clashed several time. • Then it happened… • Finally, war broke out between Sparta and Athens in 431 B.C. • It would last for 27 years…

  5. Inferring to Make a Prediction! • Opinion • Background knowledge • Inference

  6. Why Was Athens Defeated? • Athens escaped serious harm for some time. • Then, in the second year of the war, a deadly disease spread through the over-crowded city. • It killed more than a third of the people. • Pericles died from the disease. • Desperate to win, the Spartans made a deal with the Persian Empire. • The Persians would build the Spartans ships and the Persians would gain some land in Asia Minor.

  7. After Sparta Won… • After defeating Athens, Sparta tried to rule all of Greece. • Within 30 years, however, the city-states rebelled, and a new war began. • As the Greeks were fighting, they failed to notice that to their north, the kingdom of Macedonia was growing in power. • This would cost them their freedom…

  8. Secondary Source Analysis • Step 1 – Partner read alternating paragraphs • Step 2 – Highlight main ideas/key details as you read • Step 3 – Answer the following questions in at least one (1) paragraph by collaborating • 1. Citing specific examples from the secondary source, identify at least three root causes of the Peloponnesian Wars. • 2. Infer using the text and background knowledge which group, the Peloponnesian League or the Delian League, was most to blame for the start of the Peloponnesian Wars.

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