1 / 14

Historical context Environmental migration from past to present

Historical context Environmental migration from past to present. Environment & Migration. Migration triggered by environmental events. Environment as a pull factor

zahur
Télécharger la présentation

Historical context Environmental migration from past to present

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. HistoricalcontextEnvironmental migration frompast to present Environment & Migration

  2. Migration triggered by environmentalevents

  3. Environment as a pull factor • When one looks at the population densities on a world-scale, itisclearthat population distribution has been hugelyinfluenced by environmental conditions • Anticipative migration • Ex.: The purchase of Kioaisland by Vaitupuislanders, 1951.

  4. An emerging concept • First mentioned in the 1970s • First UNEP report in 1985 • Growinginterest in the mid-2000s: • Realisation of the impacts of climate change • Major naturaldisasters • Tsunami 2004 • Katrina 2005 • Pakistan earthquake 2005 > Confusion betweendisplacementslinked to climate change and otherenvironmentaldegradation.

  5. What has changed? • Issue of magnitude • Somepredict up to 200 Miosdisplaced by 2050 • This could double the number of migration worldwide • Issue of responsibility • Could open the way for global cooperation • … and compensation

  6. How the debateisconceptualisedtoday • The alarmist perspective • Made up primarily of environmentalscholars, NGOs, and the media • Seesmigration flows as one of the mostdevastatingconsequences of climate change • Policy agenda: mobilise action aroundclimate change • Dominant perspective • The sceptical perspective • Made up primarily of migration scholars and refugeelawyers • Insists on the multi-causality of migration • Policy agenda: protectcurrentrights of migrants and refugees

  7. ‘A disasterready for consumption’ (Farbotko 2011) A debatedisconnectedfrom the realities of migration • Migrants are seen as expiatory, resourcelessvictims of climate change. • Many of themdon’tconsiderthemselves as victims, or don’twant to beconsidered as such. • Migrants are resourceful agents – they are not the mostvulnerable. • Migration isperceived as an adaptation failure • In many cases, itcanbe an adaptation strategy. • We assume a direct, causal relationshipbetweenclimate change and migration. • Weexpectthatthesedisplacementswillbeforced and international. • We assume that the nature and extent of the migration flowswilldependupon the impacts of climate change. • Environmentaldeterminism • Climate-induced migration oftenperceived as a threat to security. • In many cases, itcanactuallyimprovehumansecurity.

  8. London Futures, exhibition at the Museum of London

  9. A deterministic perspective The distribution of net population displacement over the twenty-first century by region assuming no protection for a 0.5 m (grey bars) and a 2.0 m (black bars) rise in sea level. Nicholls R J et al. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2011;369:161-181

  10. A security agenda WBGU 2008

More Related