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Cracking the APA Code

Cracking the APA Code. BQB JT IBSE, CVU OPU JNQPTTJCMF. Key. A B CDEF GHIJKL MNOP Q R STUV… A BCDEF GHIJKL MNO P QR STUV…. BQB JT IBSE, CVU OPU JNQPTTJCMF. APA is hard, but not impossible. What’s the code?.

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Cracking the APA Code

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  1. Cracking the APA Code

  2. BQB JT IBSE, CVU OPU JNQPTTJCMF

  3. Key • ABCDEF GHIJKL MNOPQR STUV… • ABCDEF GHIJKL MNOPQR STUV…

  4. BQB JT IBSE, CVU OPU JNQPTTJCMF APA is hard, but not impossible.

  5. What’s the code? King, S. J., & Turner, D. S. (2000). Caring for adolescent females with anorexia. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 32, 146–149. Retrieved December 19, 2002, from Health Source: Nursing Academic database.

  6. APA learning curve Gradual enlightenment Eureka! Why me? ? #$%^&!

  7. Best way to learn APA? • Understand the principles. • Find and follow a model. • Realize it’s an iterative process.

  8. First Principle • If it’s not cited, it’s yours. • Over the past 30 years, researchers have demonstrated that the great apes . . . resemble humans in language abilities more than had been thought possible. Just how far that resemblance extends, however, has been a matter of some controversy.

  9. Second Principle • If it’s cited, you must provide enough information to locate the source. • In an influential article, Terrace, Petitto, Sanders, and Bever (1979) argued that the apes in language experiments . . . were merely imitating their trainers.

  10. Where do we find Terrace et al? This briefin-text citation . . .Terrace, Petitto, Sanders, and Bever (1979) . . . has a matching reference list entry: Terrace, H. S., Petitto, L. A., Sanders, R. J., & Bever, T. G. (1979). Can an ape create a sentence? Science, 206, 891-902.

  11. In-text cites match ref. list • The beginning of the parenthetical citation matches the beginning of the reference list entry (Hacker, n.d.). • Hacker, D. (n.d.). APA in-text citations. Retrieved April 25, 2007, from http://www.dianahacker.com/resdoc/p04_c09_o.html

  12. In-text cites ≠ match = problem • Matching the beginning of the reference list entry allows readers to quickly skim the reference entries (www.dianahacker.com). • Hacker, D. (n.d.). APA in-text citations. Retrieved April 25, 2007, from http://www.dianahacker.com/resdoc/p04_c09_o.html

  13. In-text cites match ref. list • Every in-text citation should have a matching reference list entry. • Exception: works with nonrecoverable data, such as letters, emails, or interviews, are cited only in text. (T. Westbrook, personal communication, February 12, 2005)

  14. Third Principle • Elements in an APA citation follow a predictable order.

  15. APA Logic: 3—Order • Elements in an APA citation follow a predictable order. • Author. (Date). Publication information

  16. APA Logic: 3—Publication • Publication information varies by source. • Periodical • Nonperiodical (whole/part) • Online periodical • Online document

  17. APA Logic: 3—Periodical Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (Date). Title of article. Title of Periodical, ##, 000-000. Note: the last two elements are the volume number and page numbers.

  18. APA Logic: 3—Mag. or Annual Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (Date). Title of article.Title of Periodical, ##, 000-000. Terrace, H. S., Petitto, L. A., Sanders, R. J., & Bever, T. G. (1979).Can an ape create a sentence? Science, 206, 891-902.

  19. APA Logic: 3—Journal Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (Year, Month Day). Title of article. Title of Periodical, ##(##), 000-000. Note: add issue number and date if given.

  20. APA Logic: 3—Journal Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (Year, Month Day). Title of article. Title of Periodical, ##(##), 000-000. Curtis, M. & Herrington, A. (2003). Writing development in the college years: By whose definition? College Composition and Communication,55(1), 69–90.

  21. APA Logic: 3—Nonperiodical Author, A. A. (Date). Title of work. Location: publisher. A nonperiodical is an item published separately, such as a book, CD, or movie.

  22. APA Logic: 3—Nonperiodical Author, A. A. (Date). Title of work.Location: publisher. American Psychological Association. (2001). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association. Washington, D.C.: Author.

  23. APA Logic: 3—Part of work Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Date). Title of chapter or section. In A. Editor, B. Editor, & C. Editor (Eds.) Title of work (pp. 000-000). Location: publisher.

  24. APA Logic: 3—Online per. Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (Date). Title of article. Title of Periodical, ##, 000-000. Retrieved month day, year, from source.

  25. APA Logic: 3—Online Eg. Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (Date). Title of article. Title of Periodical, ##, 000-000. Retrieved month day, year, from source. Levin, J. S. (2000). The revised institution: The community college mission at the end of the twentieth century.[Electronic version]. Community College Review: 28(2), 1–25.

  26. APA Logic: 3—Database Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (Date). Title of article. Title of Periodical, ##, 000-000. Retrieved month day, year, from source. Kroll, K. (1994). A profile of community college English faculty and curriculum. Community College Review, 22(3), 37–54. Retrieved March 16, 2004, from Academic Search Premier database.

  27. APA Logic: 3—Online doc. Author, A. A. (Date).Title of document. Retrieved month day, year, from source. Washoe: The signing chimp. (n.d.) Retrieved February 5, 2005, from Mrs. Smith’s third grade Web site: http://www.sdcoe.k12.ca.us/ classprojects.html

  28. APA Logic: 3—No author • If no author is given, the title becomes the first element in the citation. Parenthetical citation . . . (“Washoe,” Introduction section). Reference list entry Washoe: The signing chimp. (n.d.) Retrieved February 5, 2005, from Mrs. Smith’s third grade Web site: http://www.sdcoe.k12.ca.us/ classprojects.html

  29. APA 3:Which is more credible? • Terrace, H. S., Petitto, L. A., Sanders, R. J., & Bever, T. G. (1979). Can an ape create a sentence? Science, 206, 891-902. • Washoe: The signing chimp. (n.d.) Retrieved February 5, 2005, from Mrs. Smith’s third grade Web site: http://www.sdcoe.k12.ca.us/ classprojects.html

  30. APA 3:Which is more credible? • Road Rage and Teens. (n.d.). Retrieved July 20, 2004, from http://www.angelfire.com/al/ alyplace • Sharkin, B. S. (2002), Road rage: Risk factors, assessment, and intervention factors. Journal of Counseling & Development, (82)2. Retrieved July 20, 2004, from Academic Search Elite database.

  31. APA 3:Which is more credible? • http://www.angelfire.com/al/alyplace • http://search.epnet.coms7742687passwordsearch for SharkinAND road rage • Sharkin, B. S. (2002). Road rage: Risk factors, assessment, and intervention factors. Journal of Counseling & Development, (82)2. Retrieved July 20, 2004, from Academic Search Elite database.

  32. APA 4: Find a model • See Strategies for Learning APA handout

  33. What do I document? • Paraphrases—others’ ideas expressed in my words • Quotations—others’ ideas expressed in their words and set off with “ ”

  34. Is there an easier way? • Citation Machine (citationmachine.net) • More accurate, with helpful hints about fine points like capitalization—Bedford Bibliographer link and directions available at http://word-crafter.net/CompII/annobibliography.html

  35. Hints to remember • If you don’t know the author, start with the title. • In article titles, capitalize only the first word of the title and subtitle and any proper nouns. Just a myth: George Washington and the cherry tree • Use n.d. if you can’t find a date • Give the whole URL for Web sites (copy and paste) • Check the perimeter of a Web site and links like About Us for information • If you’re missing more than two of the elements needed for an APA citation, consider whether the source is credible enough to use.

  36. APA learning curve Increasingconfidence Eureka! Why me? ? #$%^&!

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