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  1. Skepticism and Humanism Discussant: Jennifer E. Gajito

  2. Skepticism doubt What do you know for sure??? Is knowledge possible??? How do you know that you know???

  3. an attitude of doubt or incredulity a philosophical position that questions the possibility and certainty of knowledge Skepticism Impossible to have an adequate justification of knowledge A method of intellectual caution and suspended judgment

  4. Two Main Skeptical Traditions (Ancient Greece) Academic Skepticism Pyrrhonian Skepticism Keep on inquiring and doubting everything Is knowledge possible? • Knowledge is impossible

  5. Global Skepticism Local Skepticism Skeptical about particular areas of knowledge • Skeptical about the possibility of any knowledge at all

  6. Skepticism in Education • Ideas are not easily accepted. Validation is important. • It keeps us questioning what we teach • It assists learners to gain better understanding by questioning and of verifying the information they receive

  7. Emphasizes value and agency of human beings over acceptance of dogma or superstition Humanism As an ethical doctrine, it affirms the dignity and worth of all people Individualism and secularism are the two core humanist beliefs. A philosophy in which human interests, values, and dignity predominate

  8. Humanism as an Educational Philosophy • essential goodness of children (Erasmus) • nature and basic goodness of humans, understanding through the senses, and education as a gradual and unhurried process (Rousseau and Pestalozzi) • learners should become fully autonomous • uniqueness of individual characteristics and aim to have holistic students

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