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Avian Influenza Symptoms in Birds

Avian Influenza Symptoms in Birds. Texas A&M University College of Veterinary Medicine. Clinical Symptoms of Avian Influenza. This presentation is about Avian Influenza as it affects birds. Avian Influenza.

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Avian Influenza Symptoms in Birds

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  1. Avian InfluenzaSymptoms in Birds Texas A&M University College of Veterinary Medicine

  2. Clinical Symptoms of Avian Influenza This presentation is about Avian Influenza as it affects birds Avian Influenza

  3. Avian Influenza • A contagious viral infection and/or disease of many avian species including poultry, wild and exotic birds, ratites, shore birds and migratory waterfowl. • The highly pathogenic form of the disease is characterized by severe depression, decrease in egg production, high mortality, edema, hemorrhage, and frank necrosis. • All H5 and H7 infections are reportable to the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE). Dennis Senne 2005 Avian Influenza

  4. Avian Influenza • Low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) • Associated with mild illness in poultry • Can evolve into highly pathogenic viruses • Associated with poultry outbreaks worldwide • High pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) • Causes high mortality in domestic poultry • Subtypes H5 and H7 Avian Influenza

  5. H5N1 virus electron micrograph of avian influenza H5N1 virus Avian Influenza

  6. Host Range • Exotic Birds • Domestic Poultry Avian Influenza

  7. Peri-domestic species Occasional isolations of avian influenza virus from starlings and house sparrows (in contact with infected poultry) Replication of some avian influenza virus in these species (experimental) Avian Influenza

  8. Natural Reservoirs of Influenza A Viruses Wild aquatic birds Majority are represented by two Orders: 1. Anseriformes(ducks, geese, and swans) Dennis Senne 2005 Avian Influenza

  9. Natural Reservoirs of Influenza A Viruses 2.Charadriiformes (gulls, terns, and shorebirds) Usually show no clinical disease Dennis Senne 2005 Avian Influenza

  10. The Muscovy DucksNatural Reservoir http://www.domestic-waterfowl.co.uk/mozzie.htm Avian Influenza

  11. How are these viruses transmitted and maintained in these species? Transmission: Fecal/Oral route Heavy fecal shedding by infected ducks Long term persistence in water Isolation of AIVs from surface water Maintenance: Bird to bird Persistence in environment Avian Influenza

  12. Incubation period 3-5 days Severe depression Decreased food and water consumption Drastic decline in egg production Many birds affected Clinical Signs Avian Influenza

  13. Turkeys with Avian Influenza cvm.umn.edu Many birds are depressed and huddling Avian Influenza

  14. Dehydration Huddling Subcutaneous swelling of the head and neck area Nasal and oral cavity discharge Clinical Signs Avian Influenza

  15. Note swollen head, and discharges. Wattle is cyanotic and necrotic. Avian Influenza

  16. Avian Influenza

  17. Clinical Signs Huddling Avian Influenza

  18. Clinical Signs • Ruffled feathers • Swollen, cyanotic (blue) combs and wattles • Conjunctivitis with respiratory signs Avian Influenza

  19. Ruffled feathers Respiratory Symptoms Avian Influenza

  20. Avian Influenza

  21. Swollen blue, cyanotic combs and wattles Avian Influenza

  22. Swollen blue, cyanotic combs and wattles Avian Influenza

  23. Clinical Signs • Edema/necrosis of comb/wattle • Cyanosis Avian Influenza

  24. HPAI - Cyanotic comb of an infected chicken on the left compared to a normal chicken on the right. Avian Influenza

  25. Clinical Signs • Subcutaneous hemorrhage of shanks Avian Influenza

  26. Subcutaneous hemorrhage of shanks Avian Influenza

  27. Hemorrhage of the shanks and hocks Avian Influenza

  28. Clinical Signs • Neurological signs (Nervous signs) Similar to Exotic Newcastle Disease Avian Influenza

  29. Avian Influenza

  30. Neurological signs Avian Influenza

  31. Neurological signs Cyanosis Ruffled feathers Avian Influenza

  32. Neurological signs Hemorrhages on shanks Ruffled feathers Avian Influenza

  33. Clinical Signs • Coughing • Sneezing • Diarrhea • Sudden death Avian Influenza

  34. I. Capua D. Halvorson D. Halvorson Clinical Signs Huddling Sinusitis Respiratory signs Avian Influenza

  35. Avian Influenza

  36. Clinical Signs • Sudden onset and high mortality • Birds found dead Avian Influenza Dennis Senne, 2005

  37. Post Mortem Lesions Lesions may be absent with sudden death Avian Influenza http://www.avian-influenza-disinfectant.com/avian_influenza.htm

  38. Head and neck edema Swollen and cyanotic combs and wattles Petechial hemorrhages on internal membrane surfaces Lesions Avian Influenza

  39. Avian Influenza

  40. Excessive mucous exudate in the lumen of the trachea, or severe hemorrhagic tracheitis Petechiae on the inside of the sternum, on the serosa and abdominal fat, serosal surfaces and in the body cavity Lesions Avian Influenza

  41. Lesions HPAI - Opened swollen wattle. Avian Influenza

  42. Hemorrhages and edema Avian Influenza

  43. Edema Avian Influenza

  44. Petechial hemorrhages on internal membrane surfaces Avian Influenza

  45. Lesions Hemorrhages of the trachea Avian Influenza

  46. Hemorrhages of the trachea Avian Influenza

  47. Avian Influenza

  48. Lung hemorrhage and edema Avian Influenza

  49. Note hemorrhages and edema around the heart Avian Influenza

  50. Lesions • Hemorrhages on the mucosal surface of the proventriculus, particularly at the juncture with the gizzard • Hemorrhages and erosions of the gizzard lining • Hemorrhagic foci on the lymphoid tissues in the intestinal mucosa Avian Influenza

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