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Pressure Sore Prevention

This powerpoint was created to educate patients about pressure sores, how the develop, how they are treated, and what they can do to prevent them from forming.

JalynnSmithmyer
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Pressure Sore Prevention

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  1. How to prevent pressure sores By: Jalynn Smithmyer

  2. What is a Pressure Sore? • Injury to the skin or underlying tissue • Can result from prolonged pressure • Most common on bony prominences • Heels, ankles, hips, and tailbone

  3. Different stages • Deep tissue injury • Stage 1 • Defined, intact skin, feels form or boggy • Stage 2 • Partial thickness skin loss • Looks like blister or shallow crater • Involves the epidermis, dermis, or both • Stage 3 • Full thickness skin loss • Damage to, or necrosis of, subcutaneous tissue and underlying fascia • Stage 4 • Full thickness skin loss • Damage and necrosis to muscle, bones, or supporting structures • Eschar • Thick dry clack necrotic tissue - unstageable

  4. Pressure ulcer stages

  5. What causes them? • Sustained pressure • Such as the skin resting on a bed or wheelchair • Friction • Any resistance to motion • If the skin is dragged over a surface • Shear • Sliding down in the bed

  6. Risk factors • General immobility • Hard to prevent • Age • Skin becomes more fragile with age • Lack of sensory perception • Inability to feel pain and discomfort • Weight loss • Less cushioning • Poor nutrition/hydration • Excess moisture or dryness • Incontinence

  7. Risk factors cont.. • Conditions affecting blood flow • diabetes and vascular disease • Smoking • Reduces blood flow and oxygen in blood • Develop more severe wounds • Limited alertness • Struggle with preventative actions • Muscle spasms • Suffer from friction and shear often

  8. Complications • Sepsis • Bacteria in the bloodstream • Cellulitis • Infection of the skin • Bone and joint infection • Septic arthritis • Damage to cartilage and tissue • Osteomyelitis • Reduce function of joints and limbs • cancer

  9. Treatment • Reduce pressure • Clean and dress wound • Remove damaged tissue • Pain management • Antibiotics • Healthy diet • Negative pressure therapy • Surgery

  10. Negative pressure therapy • Applies suction to clean wound

  11. How to prevent pressure sores • Repositioning in a wheelchair • Shift your weight frequently • Lift yourself, if possible • Look into a specialty wheelchair • Choose a cushion that relieves pressure • Foam, gel, water filled, and air filled

  12. How to prevent pressure sores cont. • Repositioning in bed • Reposition self frequently • Reposition devices • Specialized mattresses • Adjust the elevation of the bed • Use a cushion to protect bony areas

  13. How to prevent pressure sores cont. • Skin care • Clean any affected skin • Protect the skin • Look of your body daily • Manage incontinence to keep the skin dry

  14. How to prevent pressure sores cont. • Nutrition • Choose a healthy diet • Drink enough water to keep the skin hydrated • Ask for help if eating is difficult • Other • Quite smoking • Stay active

  15. Reference • emedicine.medscape.com • miter.mit.edu • www.drthindhomeopathy.com • www.organicconsumers.org • http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/bedsores/basics/prevention/con-20030848 • woundconsultant.com/sitebuilder/staging.pdf • www.nursinghomeabusecenter.org

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