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Some Predictors of Life Satisfaction in Older Men and Women in Western Croatia

Some Predictors of Life Satisfaction in Older Men and Women in Western Croatia. Marlena Plavšić Association of Psychologists of Istria Neala Ambrosi-Randić Faculty of Philosophy, Pula, Univ. of Rijeka. Demographic picture – older than 60. Life satisfaction and elderly.

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Some Predictors of Life Satisfaction in Older Men and Women in Western Croatia

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  1. Some Predictors of Life Satisfaction in Older Men and Women in Western Croatia Marlena Plavšić Association of Psychologists of Istria Neala Ambrosi-Randić Faculty of Philosophy, Pula, Univ. of Rijeka 3rd European Conference on Positive Psychology, Braga, 4 July 2006

  2. Demographic picture – older than 60 3rd European Conference on Positive Psychology, Braga, 4 July 2006

  3. Life satisfaction and elderly • life satisfaction - critical dimension, directly attributable to elderly’s quality of life • life satisfaction - concerned with the experience of life rather than the conditions of life 3rd European Conference on Positive Psychology, Braga, 4 July 2006

  4. Life satisfaction and elderly • positive levels of life satisfaction -normative throughout the world(exception: severely economically disadvantaged communities) • little or no support is found for gender differences in satisfaction with life 3rd European Conference on Positive Psychology, Braga, 4 July 2006

  5. Study in Croatia(Plavšić and Ambrosi-Randić, 2005) • majority of elderly report high satisfaction with their overall lives and important specific domains such as family, friends, living environment, self and job • no gender differences were found • however, the results revealed numerous gender differences in other groups of variables 3rd European Conference on Positive Psychology, Braga, 4 July 2006

  6. Purpose of the study to investigate whether: • socio-demographic • problems related • health related and • activity related variables predict satisfaction with life in men and women 3rd European Conference on Positive Psychology, Braga, 4 July 2006

  7. Sample • 452 subjects • random sample (from the elections’ lists) • 60-90 years old (M=70.7) • from Western Croatia (Istrian county) • from 12 communities grouped in 3 sizes: smaller, medium, large 3rd European Conference on Positive Psychology, Braga, 4 July 2006

  8. Measures • a modified version of the Questionnaire on needs and quality of life developed by Takšić and Spitek • a modified version of Life satisfaction scale constructed by Huebner, Drane and Valois (5 -point responses: from completely satisfied to completely dissatisfied) 3rd European Conference on Positive Psychology, Braga, 4 July 2006

  9. Procedure • this is a part of a larger survey studying needs and quality of life of elderly in Western Croatia • it took part from Nov 2004 - Jan 2005 • individual administration of questionnaires 3rd European Conference on Positive Psychology, Braga, 4 July 2006

  10. Groups of variables – predictors to life satisfaction • socio-demographic (marital, educational, material status, social contacts) • problems • health-related (health status, presence of illnesses) • activity-related (home-, culture, sport- related activities) 3rd European Conference on Positive Psychology, Braga, 4 July 2006

  11. Marital status • married • divorced • never married • widowed 3rd European Conference on Positive Psychology, Braga, 4 July 2006

  12. Educational background • uncompleted elementary school • completed elementary school • completed high school • completed college 3rd European Conference on Positive Psychology, Braga, 4 July 2006

  13. Self-estimated material status – compared with peers • better than others’ • similar to others’ • worse than others’ 3rd European Conference on Positive Psychology, Braga, 4 July 2006

  14. Social relationships(frequency and quality) with: • the spouse • children and grandchildren • siblings and relatives • friends • neighbours • colleagues • parents 3rd European Conference on Positive Psychology, Braga, 4 July 2006

  15. money health loneliness fear of ageing medical/health services boredom repairing tools public transport helplessness housekeeping food supply environmental maintenance living conditions family relationships personal hygiene Problems 3rd European Conference on Positive Psychology, Braga, 4 July 2006

  16. Self-evaluated health status: rather healthy neither healthy, nor ill sickly suffering of one/more illness(es) Self-evaluated presence of: cardiac insufficiency, high pressure pulmonary problems endocrine problems rheumatic disease loss of visual ability digestive diseases allergies loss of auditory acuity cancer neurotic and mental illness Health-related variables 3rd European Conference on Positive Psychology, Braga, 4 July 2006

  17. watching TV housekeeping listening to radio reading walking time with grandchildren gardening taking care of domestic animals fixing, repairing going to church solving crosswords handicrafts chess, cards sports/recreation club activities taking care of parents cultural events computers Activities – composite of: 3rd European Conference on Positive Psychology, Braga, 4 July 2006

  18. positively correlates with: activities social relationships material status educational background illness negatively correlates with: problems marital status For both - men and women life satisfaction 3rd European Conference on Positive Psychology, Braga, 4 July 2006

  19. Formen less problems more social relationships more activities lower education better evaluated health more illnesses Forwomen: less problems more social relationships Results of multiple regressionsignificant predictors for life satisfaction 3rd European Conference on Positive Psychology, Braga, 4 July 2006

  20. Results of regression analyses of life satisfaction for women(n = 158) 3rd European Conference on Positive Psychology, Braga, 4 July 2006

  21. Results of regression analyses of life satisfaction for men(n =131) 3rd European Conference on Positive Psychology, Braga, 4 July 2006

  22. Conclusion Although older men and women expressed the same high levels of life satisfaction, these high scores may be explainable, as least partly, with different variables reflecting men and women’s different gender life styles 3rd European Conference on Positive Psychology, Braga, 4 July 2006

  23. Appendices 3rd European Conference on Positive Psychology, Braga, 4 July 2006

  24. Means and standard deviations of all measures 3rd European Conference on Positive Psychology, Braga, 4 July 2006

  25. Correlations between all measures for women (n = 158) and men(n =131) 3rd European Conference on Positive Psychology, Braga, 4 July 2006

  26. Correlations between socio-demographic, activity related, health related variables and life satisfaction 3rd European Conference on Positive Psychology, Braga, 4 July 2006

  27. Multiple linear regression analysis of life satisfaction for women 3rd European Conference on Positive Psychology, Braga, 4 July 2006

  28. Multiple linear regression analysis of life satisfaction for men 3rd European Conference on Positive Psychology, Braga, 4 July 2006

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