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Faces of Civil Rights

Faces of Civil Rights. 1955-1969. Malcolm X. Civil Rights Leader Born Malcolm Little May 19, 1925 in Omaha, Nebraska. He changed his name to Malcolm X because he thought Little was a slave name. Adopted Islam as his religion while he was in prison.

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Faces of Civil Rights

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  1. Faces of Civil Rights 1955-1969

  2. Malcolm X • Civil Rights Leader • Born Malcolm Little May 19, 1925 in Omaha, Nebraska. • He changed his name to Malcolm X because he thought Little was a slave name. • Adopted Islam as his religion while he was in prison. • At first he believed blacks and whites should stay separate. • After a pilgrimage to Mecca, Malcolm changed his mind and thought all people could work together. • Because of this, he left the Nation of Islam. • He was assassinated February 21, 1965 while giving a speech. Dr. Martin Luther King with Malcolm X. http://www.cmgww.com/historic/malcolm/home.php

  3. Rosa Parks • Seamstress • Born Rosa Louise McCauley Parks in 1913. • Made history in 1955 when she refused to give up her seat on a bus for a white passenger. • She was arrested. • The Montgomery black community launched a bus boycott. • She died in 2005. Rosa’s arrest photo. Rosa later in life. http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0906821.html

  4. Thurgood Marshall • Civil Rights Lawyer and Supreme Court Justice. • Born in Baltimore, Maryland on July 2, 1908. • Thurgood Marshall was the grandson of a slave. • Between 1938 and 1961, he presented more than 30 civil rights cases before the Supreme Court. He won 29 of them. • His most important case was Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka (1954), which ended segregation in public schools. • In 1967, he becomes first African American in the U.S. Supreme Court. • He died in 1993. http://chnm.gmu.edu/courses/122/hill/marshall.htm

  5. The Little Rock Nine • Students • A group of African-American students who were enrolled in Little Rock Central High School in 1957. • Several white people physically block the black students from entering the school. • The whites were helped by the Arkansas National Guard and Arkansas Governor Orval Faubus. • By the end of September 1957, the nine were admitted to Little Rock Central High under the protection of the U.S. Army. • But they were still called names and spit on by many of the white students. Bottom row, left to right: Thelma Mothershed, Minnijean Brown, Elizabeth Eckford, Gloria Ray; Top row, left to right: Jefferson Thomas, Melba Pattillo, Terrence Roberts, Carlotta Walls, Daisy Bates (NAACP President), Ernest Green http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Rock_Nine

  6. Robert Moses • Educator and activist • Born in Harlem, New York, January 23, 1935. • He studied philosophy at Harvard and obtained a teaching certificate. • He began working with civil rights activists in 1960. • He was a field secretary for the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee. • By 1964 Moses had become Co-Director of the Council of Federated Organizations (COFO), an organization for all the major civil rights groups in Mississippi. • In 1982 he received a MacArthur Fellowship, and used the money to create the Algebra Project, a foundation devoted to improving minority education in math. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Parris_Moses

  7. James Bevel • Reverend, activist, and politician • Born in Ittabena, Mississippi, on October 19, 1936. • Ordained in the Baptist ministry in 1959, Bevel pastored a church in Dixon, Tennessee, from 1959 to 1961. • Worked a lot with Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. • Participated in the 1960-61 Nashville Sit-In Movement. • The 1961 Freedom Rides, • He directed the 1961 Nashville Open Theater Movement, and co-initiated the Mississippi Freedom Movement. • Bevel is still alive and working in Washington D.C. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Bevel

  8. John Lewis and Hosea Williams • Both men worked a lot with Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. • Williams was part of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC). • Lewis was the Chairman of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC). • They led the first march on Selma, Alabama to help with the voter registration program there on March 7, 1965. • Williams was beaten unconscious, leaving him with a fractured skull and a severe concussion. • Lewis also suffered a skull fracture. • 58 out of 600 people were treated for injuries that day. John Lewis and Hosea Williams http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/eyewitness/html.php?section=2

  9. John F. Kennedy • U.S. Congressman, Senator, and President. • Born May 29, 1917, Brookline, Massachusetts • John F. Kennedy was president during the 1960's Civil Rights Movement.  • He helped pass laws to make sure all Blacks could vote and get a good education.  These laws ended segregation in schools, jobs, restaurants, theaters, and much, much more. • Assassinated November 22, 1963 (aged 46), in Dallas, Texas John F. Kennedy greets Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. and other civil rights leaders at the White House. Photo by Abbie Rowe, courtesy of the National Archives. http://library.thinkquest.org/J0112391/civil_rights_leaders.htm

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