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c hapter 5. ethics and social responsibility in international business. Chapter Objectives 1. Describe the nature of ethics Discuss ethics in cross-cultural and international contexts Identify the key elements in managing ethical behavior across borders
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chapter 5 ethics and social responsibility in international business
Chapter Objectives 1 • Describe the nature of ethics • Discuss ethics in cross-cultural and international contexts • Identify the key elements in managing ethical behavior across borders • Discuss social responsibility in cross-cultural and international contexts 5-2
Chapter Objectives 2 • Identify and summarize the basic areas of social responsibility • Discuss how organizations manage social responsibility across borders • Identify and summarize the key regulations governing international ethics and social responsibility 5-3
Exporting Jobs or Abusing People? • Minute Maid • Tropicana • Nestle • Nike 5-4
Ethics Ethics is an individual's personal beliefs about whether a decision, behavior, or action is right or wrong. 5-5
Ethical Generalizations • Individuals have their own personal belief systems • People from the same cultural context will tend to hold similar beliefs • Behaviors can be rationalized • Circumstances affect adherence to belief systems • National culture is intertwined with ethics 5-6
Figure 5.1 Ethics in a Cross-Cultural Context Behavior of Organization Toward Employees Behavior of Employees Toward Organization Cultural Context Behavior of Employees and Organization Toward Other Economic Agents 5-7
How Organizations Treat Employees Some businesses in Africa have taken steps to educate their employees about how AIDS is contracted. 5-8
Acceptable Russia China Taiwan South Korea Unacceptable Australia Sweden Switzerland Austria Acceptability of Bribery 5-9
Managing Ethical Behavior Across Borders Guidelines or codes Ethics training Organizational practices Corporate culture 5-10
Corporate Social Responsibility Corporate social responsibility is the set of obligations an organization undertakes to protect and enhance the society in which it functions. 5-11
Areas of Social Responsibility Organizational stakeholders Natural environment General social welfare 5-12
L.L. Bean Toyota Lands’ End 3M Dell Computer DaimlerChrysler BP Honda Examples of Companies with a Commitment to CSR 5-13
Approaches to Social Responsibility Obstructionist Defensive Accommodative Proactive 5-15
Figure 5.3 Approaches to Social Responsibility Most Responsible Least Responsible Obstructionist Defensive Accommodative Proactive 5-16
Obstructionist Stance • Do as little as possible to address social or environmental problems • Deny or avoid responsibility • Examples • Astra • Nestle • Danone 5-17
Defensive Stance • Do what is required legally, but nothing more • Corporate responsibility is to generate profits • Example • Philip Morris 5-18
Accommodative Stance • Meet ethical and legal requirements and more • Agree to participate in social programs • Match contributions by employees • Respond to requests from nonprofits • No proactive behavior to seek such opportunities 5-19
Proactive Stance • Strong support of social responsibility • Viewed as citizens of society • Seek opportunities to contribute • Examples • McDonald’s • The Body Shop • Ben & Jerry’s 5-20
Managing Compliance Formally Legal compliance Ethical compliance Philanthropic giving 5-21
Managing Compliance Informally Leadership Organizational culture Whistle-blowing 5-22
Evaluating Social Responsibility A corporate social audit is a formal and thorough analysis of the effectiveness of the firm’s social performance. 5-23
Steps in Corporate Social Audit Define social goals Analyze resources devoted to each goal Determine degree of achievement for each goal Make recommendations 5-24
Actors in Policy Formulation Process The state The market Civil society 5-25
Regional Stereotypes Anglo-Saxon approach Asian approach Continental European approach 5-26
Regulating International Ethics and Social Responsibility • Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) • Alien Tort Claims Act • Anti-Bribery Convention of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development • International Labor Organization (ILO) 5-27