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Biochemistry Review

Biochemistry Review. Let’s check your understanding…. State the most frequently occurring chemical elements in living things. Answer. Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. State three other elements that are required by living things – albeit in smaller quantities…. Answer.

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Biochemistry Review

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  1. Biochemistry Review Let’s check your understanding…

  2. State the most frequently occurring chemical elements in living things.

  3. Answer • Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

  4. State three other elements that are required by living things – albeit in smaller quantities…

  5. Answer • Phosphorus, nitrogen, and sulfur

  6. What word means…”carbon based compounds produced by living things”?

  7. Answer • organic

  8. Who am I?

  9. Answer • An amino acid – building block of proteins

  10. Who am I?

  11. Answer • a monosaccharide sugar – building block of carbohydrates

  12. Who am I?

  13. Answer • Fatty acid – building block of FATS/TRIGLYCERIDES. This one is a SATURATED fatty acid

  14. Who am I?

  15. Answer • Another amino acid…

  16. Who am I?

  17. Answer • Unsaturated fatty acid

  18. Who Am I?

  19. Answer • polymer

  20. Which of the following DOESN’T belong? • Glucose • Lactose • Galactose • Fructase

  21. Answer • Fructase – the rest are sugars (all end in –ose)… ending in –ase means its an ENZYME

  22. Who am I?

  23. Answer • Protein – a chain of amino acids

  24. Which element is present in maltase but not maltose? • Carbon • Hydrogen • Oxygen • Nitrogen • Calcium

  25. Answer • Maltase is an enzyme, which is a protein. Maltose is a sugar, or a carb. So, proteins have CHONS, while carbs contain CHO. So…that means that the answer is NITROGEN.

  26. Name that sugar! • used by ANIMALS for short term energy storage

  27. Answer • Polysaccharide: glycogen

  28. Name that sugar! • provides rigidity to plant cell walls

  29. Answer • Polysaccharide: cellulose

  30. Name that reaction… Monosaccharide + Monosaccharide  Disaccharide + Water

  31. Answer • Dehydration synthesis or condensation

  32. Name that reaction Amino Acid + Amino Acid  Protein + Water

  33. Answer • Dehydration synthesis, or condensation

  34. Name that reaction! Fat + Water  3 fatty acids + glycerol

  35. Answer • Hydrolysis, decomposition

  36. Name that macromolecule class! • Used for long term energy storage in animals, protection, buoyancy and insulation

  37. Answer • Lipids – specifically, fats

  38. Name that macromolecule class! • Comprised of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen ONLY

  39. Answer • carbohydrates

  40. Name that macromolecule class! • Accounts for more than 50% of the dry mass of most cells.

  41. Answer • proteins

  42. Name that macromolecule class! • The only thing the members of this group have in common is that they are all NONPOLAR (i.e. hydroPHOBIC) and are comprised chiefly of C, H, and O (sometimes P)

  43. Answer • lipids

  44. Name that macromolecule class!

  45. Answer • lipids

  46. Name that macromolecule class! • Used for transport, protection, catalysts, cellular communications, defense against foreign substances

  47. Answer • proteins

  48. The most bang for your buck, in terms of energy, comes from…

  49. Answer • lipids

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