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How Risky is It? An assessment of the relative risk of engaging in potentially unsafe driving behaviors

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How Risky is It? An assessment of the relative risk of engaging in potentially unsafe driving behaviors AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety Established in 1947 501 (c)(3) Not-For-Profit Research affiliate of AAA/CAA North American Focus Mission Identify traffic safety problems

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How Risky is It? An assessment of the relative risk of engaging in potentially unsafe driving behaviors

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  1. How Risky is It?An assessment of the relative risk of engaging in potentially unsafe driving behaviors

  2. AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety • Established in 1947 • 501 (c)(3) Not-For-Profit • Research affiliate of AAA/CAA • North American Focus

  3. Mission • Identify traffic safety problems • Foster research that seeks solutions • Disseminate information and educational materials

  4. Funded through the generosity of and its members

  5. Published December 2006 Prepared by: Virginia Tech Transportation Institute Available online at: www.aaafoundation.org

  6. Purpose of Study • Perform additional analysis of data collected under previous 100-Car Naturalistic Driving Study to investigate impacts of various behaviors on crash risk • Behaviors studied: • speeding • drowsy driving • aggressive driving • distracted driving

  7. The 100-Car Naturalistic Driving Study • $3 Million study sponsored by National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Virginia DOT, and Virginia Tech • Conducted by Virginia Tech Transportation Institute • Collected unprecedented level of driving data pre-crash and normal driving behavior

  8. 100-Car Study “Naturalistic” Approach • Used in-vehicle camera and custom-built advanced “black box” to monitor drivers • 100 equipped vehicles • 12-13 months of data collection, no “experimenter” present • Subjects not “coached,” instructed to drive “as usual” • Instrumentation was unobtrusive and inconspicuous to other drivers, but not invisible • NHTSA-sponsored work indicates subjects’ driving was uninfluenced by in-vehicle monitoring after the first few hours (out of 12-13 months)

  9. 100-Car Study Equipment Driver Face Camera Forward Road Camera “Black Box”

  10. 100-Car Study Camera Views

  11. 100-Car Study Camera Views

  12. 100-Car Study Participants • 109 primary drivers • Ages 18-68 • 60% male, 40% female • Recruited in Washington DC & Northern VA • Range from “very safe” to “very unsafe” • Wide range of driving mileage • Drove on all road classes • Mostly urban & suburban driving, some rural • Drove sedans and SUVs • Also 132 secondary drivers

  13. 100-Car Study Database Statistics Captured data on: • 42,300 hours and ~2 million miles of driving • 82 Crashes and collisions • Defined as any contact between the subject vehicle and another vehicle, object, pedestrian, cyclist, or animal • 761 Near crashes • Defined as a conflict situation requiring a rapid, severe evasive maneuver to avoid a crash • 8,295 Incidents • Conflict requiring an evasive maneuver, but of less magnitude than a near crash • 20,000 normal baseline driving epochs • To compare driver behavior during normal driving to behavior leading up to crashes, near crashes, and incidents

  14. This Study • Investigated the frequency with which drivers engage in various potentially risky behaviors during ordinary driving and immediately prior to crashes, near-crashes, and incidents • Analyzed the impacts of various behaviors on the risk of being involved in a crash or near-crash

  15. Results – Frequency of Behaviors

  16. Results – Risk of Crash or Near Crash Note: Odds of crash or near-crash with behavior present vs. absent; computed using logistic regression to control for other behaviors; odds ratio > 1 indicates increased risk

  17. Conclusions • The odds of being involved in a crash are nearly tripled when driving while drowsy or driving faster than surrounding traffic. • The odds of being involved in a crash are approximately doubled when driving aggressively or when looking away from the road for longer than 2 seconds.

  18. For more information on the 100-Car Study, please go to: http://www.vtti.vt.edu and click on 100-Car Study Or go to: http://www-nrd.nhtsa.dot.gov/departments/nrd-13/newDriverDistraction.html

  19. For more information about this study sponsored by the AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety, please go to: www.aaafoundation.org

  20. The AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety is a 501(c)(3) public charity located in Washington, DC that is dedicated to saving lives and reducing injuries. It is supported by donations from AAA/CAA Clubs, AAA/CAA members, and other organizations associated with AAA/CAA.

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