1. HumanitarianIntervention HumanitarianIntervention ©Lawrence M. Hinman

2. Overview • Outline • Background • Occasions • Means • Agents • Endings • Source: Michael Walzer, “The Argument about Humanitarian Intervention.” Dissent, Vo. 49, No. 1 (Winter 2002) ©Lawrence M. Hinman

3. Background • Atrocities generally used to be hidden, now they are much more likely to be covered in international news. • This issues cuts across traditional hawk-dove allegiances. ©Lawrence M. Hinman

4. Some Recent Occasions for Humanitarian Intervention • Somalia • Bosnia • Rwanda • Sierra Leone • Kosovo ©Lawrence M. Hinman

5. Occasions “What are the occasions for humanitarian intervention?” • Only in extreme cases to protect life and liberty, not for everyday social change • Genocide, ethnic cleansing • No possibility of effective local response ©Lawrence M. Hinman

6. Agents “Who are the preferred agents?” • Possible agents in Kosovo: United States, NATO, UN • Unilateralism most common • Police forces, if trusted, are committed to entire body of citizenry—rarely the case for UN • Distinguish between right to intervene and obligation to do so. ©Lawrence M. Hinman

7. Means “How should the agents act to meet the occasion?” • Use of force crucial to defeating those who are engaging in genocide • Kosovo: minimize risk to soldiers ©Lawrence M. Hinman

8. Endings “When is it time to end the intervention?” • Primary end is to stop the killing: “in and quickly out” • Generally leave the rest to local sovereignty, if possible, unless • No viable local political structure left • Killings likely to resume if withdraw • State is simply disintegrated ©Lawrence M. Hinman