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What were the Causes of French Revolution and What was the Nature of the Revolution?

What were the Causes of French Revolution and What was the Nature of the Revolution?. Global History & Geography 10th Grade Boys/Girls Br. Siraj [ 21 October 2019 ]. Long-Term Causes. Social Division - Three Estates or Classes 1st estate - the clergy 0.5% of French population.

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What were the Causes of French Revolution and What was the Nature of the Revolution?

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  1. What were the Causes of French Revolution and What was the Nature of the Revolution? Global History & Geography 10th Grade Boys/Girls Br. Siraj [21 October 2019]

  2. Long-Term Causes • Social Division - Three Estates or Classes • 1st estate - the clergy • 0.5% of French population. • Owned 10% of land. • Exempted from paying taille • Clergy themselves were divided among nobility and commoners.

  3. Peasants were the largest of the 3rd estates • They consisted of 70-80 % • They owned about 30-35% of land. • Some did not have any land at all. • Peasants had some obligations to the local landlords • Crafts people, shopkeepers and other city people made up another segment of 3rd estate

  4. The bourgeoisie was 8% of population • Owned 20-25% land • Included merchants, bankers, industrialists and professionals. • Unhappy about the privileges of the nobility • Wanted enlightenment principles be applied.

  5. The Path to Revolution • Meeting of Estates General • Estates General was French Parliament composed of 300 members from 1st & 2nd estates each and 600 from the 3rd estate. • Each Estate had one vote. • 3rd estate wanted to abolish tax exemption for the other two.

  6. 3rd estate demanded that each deputy should have one vote. • The king supported existing system • The 3rd estate broke away from Estates General on June 17, 1789 and formed the National Assembly • They met in a tennis court and made an oath to create a constitution for France. • On July 14, people attacked Bastille and looted weapons and freed political prisoners. • Rebellion broke out everywhere in the country.

  7. How did the Radicals Gain Control of France During Revolution?21 October 2019

  8. Creation of a Constitutional Monarchy • National assembly abolished the aristocratic privileges of the landlords and the tax exemption rights of clergy and the nobility on august 4, 1789. • August 26, 1789: Declaration of the Rights Man and the Citizen adopted • Liberty, property, security, and resistance to oppression • Freedom and equal rights for all man • Public office should be based on talent not birth • Freedom of press and speech were guaranteed.

  9. The king (Louis XVI) was forced to accept the declaration on October 5, 1789. • National assembly seized and sold the land of the Church. • Bishops and priests were to be elected by the people. • Many Catholics became enemy of the Revolution.

  10. A New Constitution • National Assembly wrote a new Constitution in 1791. • France was made a Constitutional Monarchy • An new elected assembly should be made of 745 members. • Men over 25 years of age and paid certain amount of taxes could vote. • Catholic Priests, Nobles, Lower Classes and Radicals opposed the new order. • The King tried to flee the country in 1791

  11. Radicalization of the Revolution • War with Austria • Austria and Prussia threatened to use Force to Restore Louis XVI to Full Power • Legislative assembly declared war on Austria • French did very bad in war.

  12. Radicalization of the Revolution • Rise of Paris Commune • The king was blamed for the defeat • Paris Commune forced the Legislative Assembly to Suspend Monarchy. • Voting was to be based on Universal Male Suffrage. • Commune members called them sans-culottes.

  13. Homework • Read the Eyewitness to History: "Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen" on page 554. • Answer attached questions on tne same page.

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