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Domestication and Importance of Livestock

Domestication and Importance of Livestock. Animal Science 1 Unit 1. Objectives. Discuss briefly the history of the domestication of farm animals List and explain the functions of livestock Describe the size of the livestock industry in the United States

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Domestication and Importance of Livestock

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  1. Domestication and Importance of Livestock Animal Science 1 Unit 1

  2. Objectives • Discuss briefly the history of the domestication of farm animals • List and explain the functions of livestock • Describe the size of the livestock industry in the United States • Describe the size of the livestock industry in South Dakota

  3. Introduction • Important part of farming in the United States • People depend upon livestock for food and clothing • Livestock production and success depend on many factors • Research in animal science is carried on by many state universities and the USDA.

  4. Bos taurus

  5. Bos indicus

  6. Eohippus & The Horse We Know Today

  7. Size and Scope of the Livestock Industry in the United States

  8. Leading States In Livestock Production • Table 1-4 • Look at which states are leaders. Why do you think those states hold the position they do? • What things about those states make them leaders?

  9. South Dakota’s Rank • Jan 1, 2009 • 8th All Cattle and Calves • 5th Beef Cows that have calved • 6th Calves Born • 7th Cattle/Calves on Feed- All Feedlots & Steers 500 lbs and more • 5th All Sheep and Lambs • 2nd Lambs Born • 9th Pigs Born (2008) • 1st Bison

  10. Trends in Animal Agriculture

  11. Consumption • Changes in lifestyle and eating habits of people in the United States has a significant impact on the production, processing and marketing of animal products. • WHY???? • What trends are we seeing in the way we eat?

  12. Consumption of Livestock Products • Why has consumption of red meat declined? • What types of meat have seen an increase in consumption? • What has been done by producer organizations? • What influences eating habits? • What nutritional concerns are driving consumer choices?

  13. Production • How are most hogs raised in the United States? • How is most poultry raised? • What about beef? • Dairy?

  14. Animal Welfare vsAnimal Rights

  15. Animal Welfare • Supporters emphasize humane treatment of animals • Believe that animals can be used to benefit humans • Some take the position that there are essential (food, medical research) and non-essential (entertainment) uses • Livestock producers support proper feeding, housing, vet care and good management practices because these result in greater productivity.

  16. Animal Rights • Views vary. • Some advocate the total elimination of all animal use by humans. • Others focus on eliminating animal suffering to the greatest extent possible. • Those who take a moderate approach try to achieve their goals by influencing legislation and through public education campaigns.

  17. Legislation • Laws are enforced by The Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) of the USDA • First federal law dealing with the humane treatment of animals was passed in 1873. • Other legislation can be found on page 23 of the text.

  18. Animal Identification • Currently a variety of methods. • The USDA is developing a database of information about individual animals. • They would like to make this system mandatory • To learn more about NAIS please visit www.animalagriculture.org

  19. Food Safety • Becoming a major area of concern • Consumers want 0 health risk in relation to their food • Food safety is defined in terms of risk benefit • Most food borne illnesses are caused by bacteria (66%) • Other sources are chemical (25%), viral (5%), parasitic (4%) • See p. 25-31

  20. Summary • Domestication of animals was vital to civilization • Animals have many useful functions • Livestock numbers on farms in the US is in the several billions and expected to continued to increase

  21. Assignment • Complete review questions 1-12 Due Friday August 27 at the end of the period.

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