1 / 21

social theories

social theories. BASIC ASSUMPTIONS. 1. EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT LEADS TO MENTAL CONDITION LIFE EVENTS , CHRONIC STRAINS, SOCIAL ROLES 2. CURRENT ENVIRONMENT MOST IMPORTANT. ASSUMPTIONS (CONT.). 3. GROUPS HAVE DIFFERENT EXPOSURE TO STRESSORS AND RATES OF DISORDER

Rita
Télécharger la présentation

social theories

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. social theories

  2. BASIC ASSUMPTIONS • 1. EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT LEADS TO MENTAL CONDITION • LIFE EVENTS, CHRONIC STRAINS, SOCIAL ROLES • 2. CURRENT ENVIRONMENT MOST IMPORTANT

  3. ASSUMPTIONS (CONT.) • 3. GROUPS HAVE DIFFERENT EXPOSURE TO STRESSORS AND RATES OF DISORDER • 4. FOCUS ON COMMUNITY POPULATIONS NOT CLINICAL CASES

  4. HISTORY

  5. I. DURKHEIM • SUICIDE (1897) • SUICIDE RATES VARY SYSTEMATICALLY WITH SOCIAL CONDITIONS

  6. CAUSES OF SUICIDE • 1. LACK OF CONNECTION TO SOCIAL GROUPS AND MEANING SYSTEMS - EGOISTIC (ALTRUISTIC) • 2. LACK OF CONSTRAINT OVER BEHAVIOR – ANOMIC (FATALISTIC) • FOCUS ON SOCIAL NOT INDIVIDUAL

  7. II. MILITARY PSYCHIATRY • LESSONS OF WWI • HUGE PROPORTION OF PSYCHIATRIC CASUALITIES • LED TO PRESCREENING OF ALL DRAFTEES IN WWII

  8. MILITARY PSYCHIATRY • HUGE PROPORTION OF PSYCHIATRIC CASUALTIES IN WWII • OVERALL 25%; OVER 70% FOR LONG STRETCHES • AVERAGE SOLDIER WOULD BREAKDOWN AFTER 80 DAYS OF CONTINUOUS COMBAT

  9. EFFECT OF COMBAT • HIGHLY PRESCREENED • NO INDIVIDUAL PREDISPOSITIONS PREDICTED BREAKDOWNS • WHAT DID? • LENGTH OF COMBAT BEST PREDICTOR • CAUSE WAS ENVIRONMENTAL NOT INDIVIDUAL

  10. EFFECT OF COMBAT • TREATMENT NEAR UNITS • 2/3 RETURNED TO UNITS WITHIN 2 DAYS • MINORITY MORE LASTING PROBLEMS (PTSD)

  11. MAJOR REORIENTATION • ENVIRONMENT CAUSE OF MUCH DISORDER - “EVERYONE HAS THEIR BREAKING POINT” • FOCUS ON ENTIRE POPULATION NOT JUST TREATED CASES • TREATMENT SHOULD BE IN COMMUNITY NOT HOSPITALS

  12. III. STRESS THEORY • AMBIGUITY OF “STRESS” • HERE: STRESSORS = CAUSES • DISTRESS = EFFECTS

  13. HANS SELYE • PHYSIOLOGIST • STUDIED STRESS IN ANIMALS • STRESS RESULTED FROM DISTURBANCES OF EQUILIBRIUM - CHANGE

  14. SELYE (CONT.) • ENVIRONMENTAL CAUSES – TEMPERATURE, FOOD, CROWDING • STRESSORS CAUSE PROBLEMS BY WEAKENING IMMUNE SYSTEM • GAS - GLOBAL ADAPTATION SYNDROME • ANY DISTURBANCE OF EQUILIBRIUM CAN LEAD TO GAS

  15. HOLMES AND RAHE

  16. HOLMES AND RAHE • MILITARY PSYCHIATRISTS • TRANSLATE STRESS THEORY AND WWII TO CIVILIANS • STARTED WITH SAILORS • MANY OTHER GROUPS • SRRS IN 1968

  17. HOLMES AND RAHE SRRS • STANDARDIZED SCORE • NEGATIVE - DEATH, DIVORCE, JAIL • AND POSITIVE - MARRIAGE, HAVE CHILD, XMAS • BOTH CAN DISTURB EQUILIBRIUM • FOCUS ON CHANGES • SUM NUMBER AND GET SCORE

  18. H+R LIFE EVENTS • RELATED TO BOTH MENTAL AND PHYSICAL HEALTH (NON-SPECIFIC) • LESS THAN 150 - FEW HEALTH PROBLEMS • OVER 300 - 80% HAVE PROBLEMS • OVERALL MODERATE CORRELATION WITH HEALTH PROBLEMS

  19. CRITICISMS OF SRRS • IGNORES CONTEXT AND MEANING • ONLY NEGATIVE ARE STRESSFUL • WHAT IS CAUSE AND EFFECT? • NOT UPDATED • IGNORES DIVERSITY OF RESPONSES

  20. GRADE DISTRIBUTION • 90 – 100 A N = 45 • 88 B+ N = 15 • 80 - 86 B N = 69 • 76 - 78 C+ N = 36 • 60 - 74 C N = 65 • 50 - 58 D N = 20 • 32 - 48 F N = 11

More Related