What is Chemistry?

What is Chemistry?

Chemistry studies the • Composition • Structure • Properties • Transformations of matter (What it’s made of) (How it’s arranged) (Characteristics) (Behavior)

What is Matter? • Anything that has mass & occupies space. Which of the following are matter? Rain Sunlight Clouds Heat Rocks Air Steam Radios Radiowaves

What’s the difference between mass and weight? • Mass is a measure of the amount of matter. • Weight is more complicated. Weight depends on the amount of matter and on the gravitational pull exerted on the matter.

What do chemists do? • They figure out how things work And • They design materials with specific properties for specific applications. Basic Research Applied Research

What materials in your life result from chemistry? • Medicines • Plastics • Metals • Ceramics • Synthetic Fibers • Concrete • Abundant & Safe food supply

What about energy? • Fossil Fuels • Solar • Nuclear • Batteries

What about the environment? • Ozone Depletion • Global Warming • Acid Rain • Ground water contamination • Surface water contamination • Heat pollution

What kinds of chemistry are there? Organic Environmental Atmospheric Inorganic Physical Surfaces Pharmaceutical Nuclear Analytical Biochemistry

http://www.utdallas.edu/~parr/chm1341/laltable.gif What’s this?

What are Elements?

Elements are: • Fundamental building blocks of nature. • Different elements have different types of atoms.

What are the parts of an atom? Protons Neutrons Electrons

How are atoms of different elements different? • They have different numbers of protons.

How many elements are there? • About 116 elements. • Some are man-made. • 88 or 92 naturally occurring.* • (Some have v. short half-lives – none around. 43, 61, 85, 87: no stable isotopes.) Some say only 43 & 61 not. *Depends on how you count.

What is the most abundant element in the universe? • Hydrogen! What is the most abundant element in the earth’s crust? What is the most abundant element in the human body?

What does it look like when you work as a chemist?

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Requirements for Medical School • 1 year of biology • 1 year of calculus • 1 year of physics • 2 years of chemistry

Requirements for Engineering • Many engineering fields require at least 1 year of college chemistry

Requirements for Art History/Art Restoration • At least 1 year of college chemistry

What is Chemistry?