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Byzantine Culture

Byzantine Culture. 476-1453 (fall of Rome – conquest by the Ottoman Turks). Byzantine Empire. After Rome falls, Constantinople remains secure, preserving the Eastern Empire A stable base of agriculture and trading, with deep class divisions

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Byzantine Culture

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  1. Byzantine Culture 476-1453 (fall of Rome – conquest by the Ottoman Turks)

  2. Byzantine Empire • After Rome falls, Constantinople remains secure, preserving the Eastern Empire • A stable base of agriculture and trading, with deep class divisions • A new fusion of ethnic groups: Greeks, Romans, Serbs, Slavs, Turks, Bulgarians

  3. Orthodox Christianity • A gradual split between Roman (Catholic) and Byzantine (Orthodox) churches • Differences in language (Greek the language of the Eastern Roman empire, Latin the language of the Western Roman empire) • Differences in religious practice (Roman Catholic priests were celibate, Orthodox priests could marry) • Different positions on the Iconoclastic Controversy (726-843): the Eastern Roman Empire was Iconoclast (image-breakers), while the papacy in the West refused to join.

  4. Byzantine Culture • mixture of Christian principles and Greco-Roman ideals • Classical Values--restraint, order, proportion, thought--are now put to the service of Christianity.

  5. Literary Culture • Law: the Justinian Code • Created by the Emperor Justinian, who reigned 527-565 • preserves Roman law and passes on legal principals into the Christian medieval period

  6. Byzantine Architecture • The great structures of the Byzantine period embody two basic purposes (sometimes one, sometimes both) • A) glorifying the empire • B) expanding Christianity’s power

  7. Byzantine style • A combination of styles: • Greek: the use of the classical columns • Roman: the use of the arch and the dome • “Asian: (Persian, Arabic, Islamic, Turkish) influences • More lavish colors and intricate ornamentation • Form of Greek cross • Use of dome • Prevalence of mosaic

  8. Byzantine Architecture • Hagia Sophia was the mother church of the Orthodox church

  9. Hagia Sophia

  10. Orthodox Church in St. Petersburg, Russia

  11. Christ

  12. Christ in the Orthodox church of India

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