Reading Lost civilizations

1. Unit 3 Back to the past Reading Lost civilizations

2. Pompeii (Italy) & Loulan (China)

3. Background knowledgePompeii • Location • The site of Pompeii was located in western Italy in a region called Campania坎帕尼亚地区 , near the Bay of Naples那不勒斯海湾.   

4. Map of Pompeii

5. Vesuvius (volcano) • On 24th August AD 79, the volcano (Vesuvius) erupted and lava, ash and rocks poured out of it onto the surrounding countryside. • All the people in the city were buried alive.

6. Loulan was a stopping point on the Old Silk Road, connecting China to Europe. In its lifetime, Loulan was situated on the north shore of Lop Nor(罗布湖). . Loulan: Ghost City

7. Loulan was abandoned in the sixth century and was gradually covered by sandstorm. Their most significant finding was a female mummy, the "Loulan beauty" whose good looks were undiminished 1,000 years later.

8. Unit3 Back to the past Reading

9. Where are the places in the pictures? Pompeii is in Italy and Loulan in Xinjiang China. What have you known about them? They are both lost cities. What else do you want to know about them?

10. A Read the diary entries quickly and answer these questions. 1. What country is the author from? Canada. 2. What is one main similarity between Pompeii and Loulan? Both of them became lost civilizations about 2,000 years ago.

11. 3. Who was made director of the Pompeii dig in 1860? The Italian archaeologist Giuseppe Fiorelli. 4. Who is Professor Zhang? An archaeologist from the local cultural institute.

12. How well did you understand the details in the diary? Reading strategy: reading diary entries When you are reading diary entries recording someone’s travels, you should look for: ⑴ ⑵ ⑶ Dates and place names Facts and historical information Personal feelings and opinions

13. Reading: Fill in the chart In Italy went to a lecture about Pompeii saw the ancient city of Pompeii, be to visit the museum in Naples

14. arrived in Loulan knew some information from an Archaeologist Professor Zhang

15. It was founded in the 8th century BC. The Romans took over it. It has been a rich city. amazing; hard to imagine… It erupted and all the people in Pompeii were buried alive, and so was the city!

16. It houses manyof the treasures from Pompeii. It was a stopping point on the famous Silk Road between the East and the West. so excited… What a pity!

17. How well did you understand the details in the diary? Read it again carefully and answer the following questions. 1. When was the city Pompeii founded? It was founded in the 8th century BC.

18. 2. What happened to Pompeii in August AD 79? Mount Vesuvius erupted and lava, ash and rocks poured out of it onto the surrounding countryside. All the people in Pompeii were buried alive, and so was the city.

19. 3. How was the buried city discovered? It was discovered in the 18th century when a farmer found some stone with writing on it. People started to dig in the area for treasure, which caused much damage. So in 1860, the Italian archaeologist Giuseppe Fiorelli was made director of the Pompeii dig.

20. 4. What were the stepping stones along the road in Pompeii used for? With the stones, people did not have to step in the mud in the streets on rainy days.

21. 5. Why was Loulan an important city about 2,000 years ago? Because it was a stopping point on the famous Silk Road between the East and the West. 6. How do many people think Loulan disappeared? It was graduallycovered over by sandstorms from AD 200 to AD 500.

22. 7. Who discovered the ruins of Loulan Kingdom first? What did he find? Sven Hedin, a Swedish explorer. He found the remains of buildings buried under the sand, together with a lot of treasures, such as …

23. 8. According to the last sentence, how did the author feel about the loss of Loulan? She felt that it was a pity!

24. Founded in the 8th century BC Existed almost 2,000 years ago covered by sandstorms from 200 AD to 500 AD volcano called Vesuvius erupted on 24th August AD 79 a farmer found some stone with writing on it A Swedish explorer discovered the ruins of the Loulan Kingdom

25. Comparison with stepping stones. with mosaic  floors and wall paintings. have been turned to stones

26. Comparison such as coins, painted pots, silk materials, documents and wall paintings. such as the city walls, palaces, temples, workshops, and towers. water system that ran through the middle of the city..

27. Pompeii Loulan

28. C2 The writers of diaries often record feelings or opinions (emotions) as well as what they have done(actions). Do the sentences below express emotions(E) or actions(A)?

29. 1. I feel lucky to have won a place on this trip. 2. This morning we went to a lecture about Pompeii. 3. Unfortunately, all the people were buried alive, and so was the city ! 4. How amazing! E / A E / A E / A E / A

30. 5. People started to dig in the area for treasure. 6. When I walked around the city, I saw streets just as they had been. 7. I am so excited to be here! 8. Sven found the remains of buildings buried under the sand. E / A E / A E / A E / A

31. 1. represent 2. took over 3. erupted 4. unfortunately a. sadly, unluckily b. (of a volcano) threw out lava and ash c. acting or speaking for a group d. took control of D1. Look at these new words from the diary entries and match them with their definitions.

32. 5. houses 6. wealthy 7. ruins 8. enormous e. rich f. parts of a building that remain after it has been badly damaged or destroyed g. provides space for h. huge

33. D2. Find the following words in the text and decide what they refer to. • 1) The city was founded in the 8th century BC. ( line 7) • People started to dig in the area for treasure, which caused much damage. ( line 17) Pompeii the fact that people started to dig in the area for treasure

34. 3) The volcano is still there. (line 24) 4) It was a stopping point on the famous Silk Road between the East and the West. (line 32) 5) …, but even that didn’t prevent the city from being buried by sand ---what a pity! (line 44) near Pompeii Loulan the fact that the desert was once a green land with enormous trees

35. Use the following words to complete this passage. Pompeii civilizations treasure commercial archaeologist volcano sand ruins erupted represent I was so excited to be picked to ________ Canada. I have been to________ in Italy and am now in China visiting Loulan. represent Pompeii

36. Both places were important __________ cities about 2,000 years ago. They both disappeared and became lost __________. Pompeii was destroyed by a _______. It _______ and covered Pompeii with ash. Loulan disappeared under the ____. No one is quite sure why. commercial civilizations erupted volcano sand

37. There are just a few ____ left. Some _______, such as coins and painted pots, was found, and recently some tombs. I as becoming very interested in ancient civilizations. Maybe I shall become an ____________ one day. ruins treasure archaeologist

38. DiscussionWhat caused the city of loulan to disappear?What caused the sandstorms?How can we avoid such tragedy happening again?

39. Homework • Read the passage carefully and review the new words and phrases. • 2. Make a summary of the text.

40. Language points

41. A British society arranged for ten high school students from different countries to go on a cultural expedition to sites of lost civilizations. arrange sth. (for sth) arrange for sth. arrange to do sth. / wh- to do sth arrange for sb.to do sth. arrange with sb. to do sth. (与人)约定干 arrange that … / wh- …

42. She arranged all her business affairs before going on holiday. • 她在度假前把业务都安排好了。 我约定在6点钟跟他见面。 I arranged to meet him at 6 o’clock. I’ve already arranged with him to meet at the cinema. 我与他商定好在电影院见面。

43. arranged an appointment for me with The secretary ______________________ __________ the manager. 秘书替我向经理预约。 I’ve _________for him _______ her. 我已安排他跟她见面。 He arranged that the meeting ______ _____ off for a week. 他安排把会议延后一星期召开。 arranged to meet should be put

44. 1. 我已经安排玛丽去火车站接你。 • 2. 我已安排好派一个代表到机场接你。 • 3. 你安排好去见他了吗? • 4. 我们外出期间给猫喂食的事，我已经和邻居们说好了。 • 5. 我们还得安排如何到达现场。

45. 1. I’ve arranged for Mary to meet you at the railway station. 2. I’ve arranged that one of our representatives will meet you at the airport. 3. Have you arranged to meet him? 4. I’ve arranged with the neighbors to feed the cat while we are away. 5. We’ve still got to arrange how to get to the spot.

46. ▲lost civilizations “失落的文明”， 1) lost 过去分词作定语;补语 ①“失去的，消失的” e.g. 老是回想逝去的青春是没用的。 It’s no use (always) thinking about one’s lost youth. 他们正试图把失去的支持者们争取回来。 They are trying to win back their lost supporters.

47. ② 迷失的，迷路的; 迷惘的，不知所措的，失落绝望的 e.g. 据报有7名儿童走失。 Seven lost children were reported. 他们在森林中走失。 They got lost in the woods. 我有点儿不知道怎样把事情告诉你才 好。 I’m a little lost at how to tell you about the matter.

48. I’ m at a loss as to how to tell you about the matter. 我们没有你的帮助就会一筹莫展。 We would be lost without your help. 失落绝望的神色 a lost look ③失败的，输掉的; 错过的/浪费掉的 a lost battle/game /prize 败仗/输掉的比赛/未赢的奖赏

49. a lost chance/ advantage 错过的机会/未 加利用的有利条件 ▲be lost in 沉浸于，全神贯注于 be lost on sb. 未被某人理解或注意到 be lost to 不再被享有的，不再属于 be lost to the world 不注意周围的事情

50. 许多古代文明遗址都没被历史所记载。 A lot of remains of ancient civilizations are lost to history. 他明白女儿结婚成了家就不再属于他了。 He realized that his daughter was lost to him when she married.