1. Vitamins - are inevitable for regular function organism - they are essential, people can’t make them - divided to two groups: 1. Fat-soluble vitamins (A, E, D, K) 2. Water-soluble vitamins (B1-B12,M, H, C)

2. Vitamin A Retinol

3. Vitamin A Functions - play an important role in vision, bone growth, reproduction, cell division and cell differentiation - helps prevent or fight off infections by making white blood cells that destroy harmful bacteria and viruses • Symptoms of deficiency • - pancreatic disorder – pancreatic secrets enzymes • are important for fat absorptions • - twilight blindness • damage of teeth • Resources • - liver • - milk and milk products • - fruits and vegetables (provitamin)

4. Vitamin B1 Thiamine

5. Vitamin B1 Functions - needed to process carbohydrates, fat and proteins - nerve cells require him in order to function normally • Resources • made by the bacteria that lines the gastrointestinal tract • cereal flour • potatoes • pulses • Symptoms of deficiency • illness „beriberi“ • fatigue • cramps

6. Vitamin B6 Pyridoxine

7. Vitamin B6 Functions - is needed for more than 100 enzymes involved in protein metabolism. It is also essential for red blood cell metabolism. - the nervous and immune systems need him to function efficiently • Symptoms of deficiency • chronic pain, depressions, headache and Parkinson’s disease • slow healty inflammations Resources • meat and liver • green vegetables

8. Vitamin C Acidum ascorbicum

9. Vitamin C Symptoms of deficiency - weight loss • dry skin • scurvy • Functions- important for keeping body tissues • hydroxylation of collagen and steroids • it’s powerful antioxidant • helps your body resist infections • Resources • hips • citruses • blackcurrant • green peppers

10. Vitamin D Ergocalciferol(D2)

11. Vitamin D • Functions • hormone, which sends a message to the intestines to increase the • absorption of calcium and phosphorus • helps to form and maintain strong bones and together with • minerals and hormones to promote bone mineralization Symptoms of deficiency - osteoporosis - rickets - tooth decay Resources - made in your body after exposure to ultraviolet rays from the Sun - milk and milk products, yeast (provitamins) - fish fat and oils

12. Vitamin E α-tocopherol

13. Functions - prevention of cancer, abortions and varicose veins - powerful biological antioxidant VitaminE Symptoms of deficiency - liver cells failure - muscular metabolism and pregnancy disorder Resources - eggs, meat, milk - cereal sprouts - nuts - vegetable oils

14. Vitamin K Phyllquinone(K1)

15. Vitamin K Functions - makes six of the 13 proteins needed for blood clotting Symptoms of deficiency - spontaneous haemorrhage - slow clotting of blood Resources - made by the bacteria that line the gastrointestinal tract - green vegetables

16. Heighten requirement of vitamins - by work with poisons and ionizing ray - in period of increase - in convalescence - in gravidity

17. Vocabulary • Inevitable nezbytný • Harmful nebezpečný • Liver játra • Disorder porucha • Require být zapotřebí • Gastrointestinal trávicí • Fatigue únava • Cramps křeče • Involved in zapojený do • Inflammation zánět • Tissue tkáň • Increase růst • Clotting srážení • Pulses luštěniny • Scurvy kurděje