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The Survival of Lake Erie

The Survival of Lake Erie. Tony Bolton Brendan Carson. Late 50s and 60s almost lost Lake Erie Government Action saved the lake Recently pollution has increased. Introduction. Natural Process Humans accelerate process Runoff  phosphorous, nitrogen, and carbon Yard chemicals.

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The Survival of Lake Erie

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  1. The Survival of Lake Erie Tony Bolton Brendan Carson

  2. Late 50s and 60s almost lost Lake Erie Government Action saved the lake Recently pollution has increased Introduction

  3. Natural Process Humans accelerate process Runoff phosphorous, nitrogen, and carbon Yard chemicals Euthtrophication

  4. Detroit and Maumee rivers  11 million solid pollutants from steel mills Poorly treated water  human waste but mostly detergents Origins of the Pollution http://continuouswave.com/boats/winter-95/images/127.jpg http://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/circ1203/images/leri_fig003.gif

  5. Algae increased  takes oxygen out of water  fish died and beaches were ruined Resort areas abandoned, property values and taxes dropped Pollution lead to Algae http://www.uc.edu/info-services/algea.jpg

  6. US and Canadian Water Plants opened phosphate lower in detergents Enforcement of laws Approx. cost: $10 Billion Treatment of Algae http://www.ecolo.com/waterplant.jpg

  7. Mound of zebra mussels, quagga mussels and others that occurs every year and draws oxygen from the lake 1/4th of the central basin The Dead Zone

  8. Divide a lake into 3 parts: Epilimnion, Metalimnion, and Hypolimnion Top 15 meters heats up, while bottom stays cold Eastern and Western basins are not affected Stratification

  9. Over 50,000 birds and countless fish have died Decaying matter  bacteria  zebra muscles  goby fish  birds (red-breasted mergansers, seagulls, cormorants, and loons) Gobies and muscles not native to lake Botulism https://www.denix.osd.mil/denix/Public/News/Earthday/SecDef99/Army-Awards99/Hawaii_nrc/hawaii_goby_fish.jpg

  10. Quagga Mussels are out competing Zebra Mussels Quaggas filter less phosphorus This exacerbates the problem Only solution is even more human cooperation http://ag.ansc.purdue.edu/EXOTICSP/images/zm-eatm4.jpg http://www.fws.gov/midwest/mussel/images/quagga.jpg

  11. 1952 Cuyahoga River Fire 1972 Nixon signed Great Lakes Water Quality Act Success led to lax enforcement http://www.oceanservice.noaa.gov/education/kits/pollution/media/pol02d_240.jpg

  12. In 2001, E. Coli levels found to be above safe levels 70% of the time 10/10 streams had various pesticides, with 30 chemicals total in 1998 Endocrine inhibitors These findings have led to new regulations, but enforcement is always a problem http://www.fuga.ru/tok/2003/11/e-coli-small.jpg

  13. Increased Phosphorus leads to bigger dead zone human phosphorus input has gone down, and problem was solved for a while But now the dead zone is back: Why?

  14. Quagga Mussels? Relaxed Regulations? Unknown Factors? To answer questions, NOAA is conducting 2 years of experiments, lasting this summer www.ru.ac.za

  15. The health of Lake Erie is important for the economic and physical health of people living around it Information about lake rehabilitation can one day be used to help the lakes people depend on throughout the world www.geocites.com/saquatchr/erie-monster.jpg

  16. Works Cited • Burns, Noel M. Erie: The Lake That Survived. Totowa, New Jersey: Rowman & Allanheld, 1985. • CBC Archives. 22 Feb. 2006. http://archives.cbc.ca/IDC-1-75-1390-8682/science_technology/great_lakes_pollution/clip6 • Field Hearing before the Committee on Environment and Public Works, United States  Senate: Second Session on Anoxia in the Central Basin of Lake Erie. Aug. 5, 2002. US Gov Printing Office, Washington, DC: 2004. • Francy et al. “E Coli at Ohio Bathing Beaches—Distribution, Sources, Wastewater • Indicators, and Predictive Modeling.” US Geological Survey, Columbus, Ohio: 2003 • Frey, Jeffrey. “Occurrence, Distribution, and Loads of Selected Pesticides in • Streams in the Lake Erie-Lake St. Clair Basin, 1996-98.” US Geological Survey, • Indianapolis, Ind: 2001. • Great-Lakes.net 8 March. 2006. <http://www.great-lakes.net/gis/maps/6a_small.gif> • Last Chance for a Great Lake. Toledo, Ohio: WSPD-TV, 1967. • Makarewicz, Joseph C. “Evidence for the Restoration of the Lake Erie Ecosystem.” BioScience 41 (1991): 216-223. • NOAA Website:http://www.publicaffairs.noaa.gov/releases2005/apr05/noaa05-r508.html • Stewart, Walter. “A Great Lake?” Canadian Geographic 123 (2003): 36. • Wikipedia. 22 Feb. 2006. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Erie>.

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