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Current Management of Oregon Coastal Coho--South Half

Current Management of Oregon Coastal Coho--South Half. May 9, 2005 Mike Gray, District Fish Biologist Charleston Field Office. Floras/New River and Sixes Basins. Floras/New River and Sixes Coho Management:. No approved basin plans

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Current Management of Oregon Coastal Coho--South Half

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  1. Current Management of Oregon Coastal Coho--South Half May 9, 2005 Mike Gray, District Fish Biologist Charleston Field Office

  2. Floras/New River and Sixes Basins

  3. Floras/New River and Sixes Coho Management: No approved basin plans Draft “South Coast” Basin Plan (New River to Winchuck) (1995) Operating Principle: “…management for wild coho with no routine releases of hatchery coho.”

  4. Draft Basin Plan Coho Objectives Objective #1. Improve productive capacity by achieving optimum efficiency in advisory role working with federal and State agencies responsible for managing aquatic and riparian resources. Objective #2. Monitor status of wild coho populations so that long term changes in abundance and distribution may be assessed.Objective #3. Achieve recovery of depressed populations.Objective #4. Manage fisheries to achieve escapement goals.

  5. Escapement Goals: Floras/New River Range: 200 to 1,000 Wild Coho Sixes River Range: 50 to 200 Wild Coho Harvest Goal: Prohibit coho harvest in-basin through regulations.

  6. Habitat and Limiting Factors: • Alteration/degradation (non-specific) • Passage obstructions • High summer water temperatures • Low summer water flows • Lack of overwintering habitat (complexity, floodplain connectivity) • Habitat simplification

  7. Coquille Basin

  8. Coquille Coho Management: No approved basin plan Draft Basin Plan (1992) Two alternatives: Alternative #1 (No hatchery); Alternative #2 “Preferred” Current hatchery releases: 50,000 smolts in lower estuary 6.5 million Col. R. stock released (1908-58); Rogue Stock once used; since 1980 smolt releases cut in half;

  9. Operating Principles (Alt. #2) • Operating Principle #1: “…managed for wild fish with hatchery releases consistent with (WFMP).” • Operating Principle #2: Coquille stock is the only approved hatchery stock. • Operating Principle #3: Programs that approach limits of (WFMP) shall be modified or reduced proportionately to maintain compliance. • Operating Principle #4: Wild stock shall be incorporated annually in broodstock.

  10. Draft Basin Plan Coho Objectives: Objective #1. Self-sustaining return of 16,380 wild adult coho; increase if enhanced habitat or capacity allows. Hatchery releases in lower estuary to increase estuarine recreational fishery and contribution to ocean recreational and commercial fisheries. Objective #2. Ocean harvest with high contribution to Oregon, and in-river recreational harvest up to 5% of wild coho.

  11. Habitat and Limiting Factors: • Loss of overwintering habitat (stream complexity, floodplain connectivity) • Large historic “winter lake” lost • High summer water temperatures • Low summer water flows • Artificial barriers (primarily culverts)—most have been addressed

  12. Status of Coquille Basin Plan and other management: • Not Commission adopted; • Discontinuation of wild coho harvest • Hatchery harvest restricted to lower 12 miles of estuary (reduce impacts to wild) • Wild coho escapement: recent estimates range from 2,116 to 23,909 for last 10 years (1994through 2003). • HGMP submitted to NMFS in August 2001

  13. Coos Basin

  14. Coos Coho Management: Approved Basin Plan (1990) Hatchery releases in “terminal fishery area” only (Isthmus Slough) Hatchery releases: 120,000 smolts Habitat restoration to address limiting factors • Historic releases: Col. R., Necanicum, Alsea stocks; 1 to 9 million annually (1908-58)

  15. Operating Principles: • Operating Principle #1: “…managed for wild fish with hatchery releases consistent with (WFMP).” • Operating Principle #2: Coos stock is the only approved hatchery stock. • Operating Principle #3: Programs that approach limits of (WFMP) shall be modified or reduced proportionately to maintain compliance. • Operating Principle #4: Wild stock shall be incorporated annually in broodstock.

  16. Coos Basin Plan Coho Objectives: Objective #1. Increase existing natural spawning population of 9,000 locally-adapted coho to a minimum return of 11,256. Long-term goal of 20,000 adults from combined wild and hatchery production. Objective #2. Ocean harvest with high contribution to Oregon, and in-river recreational harvest of 10% of wild coho and 30% of the hatchery coho salmon that return to the Coos Basin. Objective #3. Aquaculture facility on North Spit meets management objectives and complies with WFMP.

  17. Habitat and Limiting Factors: • Loss of overwintering habitat (stream complexity, large wood, splash dams) • Summer high water temperatures and low flows • Gravel limited (mainstems) • Artificial barriers (primarily culverts)—most have been addressed • Aquaculture facility on North Spit—large releases in 1970’s and 80’s. (0.6 to 11 million annually; Puget Sound, Wash. Coast, Alsea, Ore-Aqua stocks)

  18. Status of Coos Basin Plan and other management: • Commission adopted; • Discontinuation of wild coho harvest • Hatchery harvest restricted to Bay and lower 4 miles of River (estuary) • Wild coho escapement: recent estimates range from 1,127 to 43,301 for years 1994 through 2003. • HGMP submitted to NMFS in August 2001

  19. Tenmile Lakes Basin

  20. Tenmile Coho Management: Approved basin plan (1991) Hatchery releases discontinued in 1990’s (smolts and presmolts) Wild adults trapped and passed at Eel Lake outlet dam • Coho program (1980-88): 22k to 225k smolts; 9k to 675K presmolts

  21. Operating Principles: • Operating Principle #1: “…managed for wild fish with hatchery releases consistent with (WFMP).” • Operating Principle #2: Tenmile stock is the only approved hatchery stock. • Operating Principle #3: Wild stock shall be incorporated annually in broodstock. • Operating Principle #4: Programs that approach limits of (WFMP) shall be modified or reduced proportionately to maintain compliance.

  22. Tenmile Basin Plan Coho Objectives: Objective #1. Maintain (1974-89) average of 3,867 adult wild coho. Long-term goal to double the run. Supplement with long-term hatchery program to increase recreational and commercial fisheries. Bolster natural spawning with fry releases. Objective #2. Ocean harvest with high contribution to Oregon, and in-basin recreational harvest of 15% of wild coho and 25% of the hatchery coho salmon that return to the Tenmile Basin.

  23. Habitat and Limiting Factors: • Loss of summer rearing habitat in lakes for nomad fry • Warmwater fish in lakes • Summer high water temperatures and low flows • Habitat degradation in streams above lakes (riparian veg., sediment, LWD) • Streams lack overwinter habitat (off-channel)

  24. Status of Tenmile Basin Plan and other management: • Commission adopted; • Discontinuation of wild coho harvest • Discontinuation of hatchery program • Wild coho escapement: recent estimates range from 3,354 to 13,861 for years 1994 through 2003. • Stock Assessment report (Zhou, 2000) suggests seeding at 2,700 to 4,000 adults

  25. Umpqua Basin

  26. Umpqua Coho Management: Draft Umpqua Basin Plan (entire basin) North Umpqua Fish Mgt. Plan (1986) Hatchery program removed from Smith River in 1987 Hatchery releases at Rock Creek Hatchery (105,000) and Galesville (15,000)

  27. Operating Principles: • Smith River (draft): Managed for production and harvest of wild fish. • Mainstem Umpqua (draft): Managed for production and harvest of wild fish. • South Umpqua (draft): Galesville Dam mitigation by Douglas County—60,000 release for ocean and freshwater recreational fishery. • North Umpqua: provide an average annual sport harvest reflecting increased production of wild coho in the North Umpqua.

  28. Umpqua Basin Coho Objectives: Smith River: Wild escapement 29 fish/mile; avg. sport harvest 800 wild coho; average run size 3,480 in Smith River. Mainstem: Interim escapement goal 29 fish/mile (recalculate every four years); sport harvest 1,800 coho; average run 11,000 coho.

  29. Umpqua Coho Objectives (cont.): South Umpqua: • Interim escapement goal 29 fish/mile (recalculate/four years); • Sport harvest 100 hatchery coho • Average run size 9,860 (5,900 wild) • Continue 60,000 smolts for mitigation of Galesville Dam

  30. Umpqua Coho Objectives (cont.): North Umpqua: • Interim escapement goal 29 fish/mile (recalculate/four years); • Sport harvest 500 hatchery coho • Average run size 3,500 (2,600 wild) • < 30% hatchery fish above Winchester Dam (WFMP) • Within 3 yrs. reduce hatchery fish over Winchester to 2,400 fish. • Coho spawning confined to historical distribution • Fish passage provided at Soda Springs, or mitigation by licensee.

  31. Habitat and Limiting Factors: • Cumulative effects from urban development, forestry, and agricultural land practices have negatively affected spawning and rearing habitat • Low spawning escapements in South, Mainstem, and Smith River • Hatchery and wild coho interactions with wild cutthroat and steelhead in North Umpqua

  32. Status of Umpqua Plans and other management: • Wild coho harvest objectives not currently valid • Discontinuation of wild coho harvest • HGMP’s for South Umpqua and North Umpqua submitted to NOAA in 2004 • No current Hatchery Mgmt. Plans, as yet.

  33. Hatchery Releases No Hatchery Releases

  34. Questions?

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