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Beyond the Land of Nod: India and China in Syriac Christian Literature

Beyond the Land of Nod: India and China in Syriac Christian Literature. Annette Yoshiko Reed. Schematic of 11 th c. European world-map. 15 th c. European rendering of the world as presented by Ptolemy (2 nd c. CE). Eurasian empires during the 1 st c. CE. Roman Trade Routes (ca. 200).

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Beyond the Land of Nod: India and China in Syriac Christian Literature

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  1. Beyond the Land of Nod: India and China in Syriac Christian Literature Annette Yoshiko Reed

  2. Schematic of 11th c. European world-map

  3. 15th c. European rendering of the world as presented by Ptolemy (2nd c. CE)

  4. Eurasian empires during the 1st c. CE

  5. Roman Trade Routes (ca. 200)

  6. Edessa (Modern Urfa, Turkey)

  7. Edessa between Rome and Parthia(1st -3rd c. CE)

  8. Rome: Arch of Septimius Severus, depicting the Roman capture of Edessa (202 CE)

  9. Syriac MS of Paul’s Epistle to the Romans (late 5th c.; in Estrangela script)

  10. Funerary Mosaic from Edessa (227/8 CE)

  11. 13th c. European world-map with Apostles (with Thomas in India to the left of Paradise)

  12. Coin of Gondophares (with Greek on obv. and Kharoshti on rev., reading “King Gondophares, the Saviour”)

  13. Magi (with Phrygian caps to mark their “eastern-ness”); 3rd c. sarcophagus, Vatican Museum

  14. Magi (with camels) on 4th c. Roman Sarcophagus

  15. 3rd c. mosaic ofZoroaster (with Phrygian cap) from Dura Europos

  16. Magi (on horses) in 12th/13th c. Syriac MS [Berlin: Preuss. Bibl. Sachau 220, 8v]

  17. 8th c. Beatus Map reflecting medieval European image of the World (with East at the top and India to the right of Paradise)

  18. Sassanian Empire in Late Antiquity

  19. Xi’an stele, 781 CE (with details of top and of Syriac script)

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