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Operant Conditioning

Operant Conditioning . Introduction. Respondent behavior Operant conditioning Operant behavior. Skinner ’ s Experiments. Edward Thorndike ’ s Law of Effect B.F. Skinner Behavioral technology Behavior control. Skinner ’ s Experiments. Operant Chamber (Skinner Box).

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Operant Conditioning

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  1. Operant Conditioning

  2. Introduction • Respondent behavior • Operant conditioning • Operant behavior

  3. Skinner’s Experiments • Edward Thorndike’s Law of Effect • B.F. Skinner • Behavioral technology • Behavior control

  4. Skinner’s Experiments • Operant Chamber (Skinner Box)

  5. Skinner’s ExperimentsShaping Behavior • Shaping • Successive approximations • Discriminative stimulus

  6. Skinner’s ExperimentsTypes of Reinforcers • Reinforcer • Positive reinforcement • Negative reinforcement

  7. Skinner’s ExperimentsTypes of Reinforcers • Reinforcer • Positive reinforcement • Negative reinforcement

  8. Skinner’s ExperimentsTypes of Reinforcers • Primary reinforcer • Conditioned reinforcer • Secondary reinforcer • Immediate vs delayed reinforcers

  9. Skinner’s ExperimentsReinforcement Schedules • Continuous reinforcement • Partial (intermittent) reinforcement • Schedules • Fixed-ratio schedule • Variable-ratio schedule • Fixed-interval schedule • Variable-interval schedule

  10. Skinner’s ExperimentsReinforcement Schedules

  11. Skinner’s ExperimentsReinforcement Schedules

  12. Skinner’s ExperimentsReinforcement Schedules

  13. Skinner’s ExperimentsReinforcement Schedules

  14. Skinner’s ExperimentsReinforcement Schedules

  15. Skinner’s ExperimentsReinforcement Schedules

  16. Skinner’s ExperimentsReinforcement Schedules

  17. Skinner’s ExperimentsReinforcement Schedules

  18. Skinner’s ExperimentsReinforcement Schedules

  19. Skinner’s ExperimentsReinforcement Schedules

  20. Skinner’s ExperimentsReinforcement Schedules

  21. Skinner’s ExperimentsReinforcement Schedules

  22. Skinner’s ExperimentsReinforcement Schedules

  23. Skinner’s ExperimentsReinforcement Schedules

  24. Skinner’s ExperimentsPunishment • Punishment • Positive punishment • Negative punishment

  25. Skinner’s ExperimentsPunishment

  26. Skinner’s ExperimentsPunishment

  27. Skinner’s ExperimentsPunishment

  28. Skinner’s ExperimentsPunishment

  29. Skinner’s ExperimentsPunishment

  30. Skinner’s ExperimentsPunishment • Negatives of using punishment • Punished behavior is suppressed not forgotten • Punishment teaches discrimination • Punishment can teach fear • Physical punishment may increase aggression

  31. Extending Skinner’s UnderstandingCognition and Operant Conditioning • Latent learning • Cognitive map • Insight learning • Intrinsic motivation • Extrinsic motivation

  32. Extending Skinner’s UnderstandingBiological Predispositions • Biological constraints predispose organisms to learn associations that are naturally adaptive

  33. Skinner’s LegacyApplications of Operant Conditioning • At school • In sports • At home • For self- improvement

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