“All in the Family”

1. “All in the Family” The Reformation in England - Henry VIII

2. Henry VIII • Real name Henry Tudor • His father was Henry VII, the king of England • Henry was not the oldest son, his older brother Arthur was first in line for the throne • Arthur, not Henry, was the first to marry Catherine of Aragon

3. Arthur died four months after his wedding Henry’s father, Henry VII, died months later Henry VIII became king at age 18, and soon married Catherine of Aragon Henry VIII cont.

4. Catherine and Mary • Daughter of King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella • Mary is not Catherine’s first pregnancy • Catherine miscarries in 1510 • Prince Henry is born in 1511, he dies 52 days later • Two more miscarriages • Mary is born in 1516 • Two more possible miscarriages until time of the divorce

5. Catherine and Mary cont. • Henry became frustrated at lack of a male heir • Became involved with a mistress, Mary Boleyn • Was introduced to Mary Boleyn’s sister, Anne • Henry asks the Pope to annul his marriage so he can marry Anne Boleyn

6. Isn’t this chapter on the Reformation? • Catherine learns of Henry’s request, goes to her nephew Charles V • Pope denies Henry’s request, issue is debated for six years • 1533 Anne Boleyn becomes pregnant • Henry convinces Parliament to breakaway from Church’s authority • Established himself as the head of the Church of England

7. Anne lived on royal compound for a couple of years before she married Henry Secretly married in 1533 after becoming pregnant Her coronation was extremely lavish Anne Boleyn

8. Anne Boleyn • She gave birth to Elizabeth in 1533 • Still trying for a male heir, Anne miscarried twice in the next two years • Henry quickly began to fancy another woman, Jane Seymour • Henry and his advisors devised a plan to charge her with adultery and treason

9. Anne Boleyn • Anne and her brother imprisoned in the Tower of London • 4 of her friends were also arrested, forced to stand trial, not allowed to defend themselves, and given the required punishment • Hanging, cut down while still alive, then disemboweled • Anne and brother are found guilty and ordered to either be burned at the stake or beheaded

10. Henry still needs that son! • Asks Jane Seymour to marry him less than 24 hours after Anne is beheaded • Jane soon gives birth to the male heir, Edward • Jane is dead two weeks later

11. Three More Wives • Anne of Cleves, strategic wedding only lasted six months • Kathryn Howard, executed for adultery after two years (she was guilty) • Katherine Parr, Henry’s wife until he died in 1547

12. Edward VI • Becomes King at age 9 • Surrounded by Protestant advisors • Short life due to illnesses • Died in 1553

13. And the next ruler is….. • Lady Jane Grey, Queen for Nine Days • Came from a noble Protestant family • Mary and her followers quickly overthrew Jane and imprisoned her

14. Mary I • Henry’s oldest daughter • Was six years older than Henry’s fifth wife, Kathryn Howard • Became Queen in 1553, her cousin Charles V arranged a marriage to Prince Philip of Spain • Mary, a devout Catholic, quickly repealed all Protestant laws bringing Catholicism back

15. Mary announced she was pregnant shortly after A year passed and still no child Nobody knows for sure Mary would have “phantom pregnancies” on and off again for the next five years Mary died in 1558 leaving the crown to Elizabeth Mary I

16. Crowned Queen in 1559 Coronation cost equivalent of $3.5 million dollars today Introduced Anglican denomination Golden Age Elizabeth I