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Understanding Research Philosophy Across Disciplines

Explore the diverse paradigms and assumptions in research philosophy, from ontology to axiology, and how they shape the research process across different fields. Discover the significance of ontological, epistemological, and axiological assumptions in designing a coherent research project. Delve into objectivism and subjectivism, and various research perspectives and philosophies like positivism, critical realism, interpretivism, postmodernism, and pragmatism. Unveil the approaches to theory development in the realm of research methodologies.

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Understanding Research Philosophy Across Disciplines

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  1. The research philosophy András István KUN

  2. Different disciplines • Research methodology is a supporting subject • Different disciplines have different paradigms • Only the substance of research is similar

  3. The Wheel of Science Theories Empiricalgenerali-zations Hypo-theses Obser-vations

  4. The research ’onion’

  5. Definition • A system of beliefs and assumptions about the development of knowledge. • This is what you as a researcher will do:developing knowledge on a particular field. • These assumptions inevitably shape how you understand your research questions. • This will allow to design a coherent research project.

  6. Three types of research assumptions • Ontological • Epistemological • Axiological

  7. Ontology • It refers to assumptions about the nature of reality. • The way you see and study your research objects (organizations, management, artefacts etc.).

  8. Epistemology • Assumptions about knowledge, what constitutes acceptable, valid and legitimate knowledge, and how we can communicate knowledge to others.

  9. Axiology • Refers to the role of values and ethics within the research process. • How researchers deal with their own values and those of the other research participants.

  10. Objectivism and subjectivism • Objectivism incorporates assumptions of natural sciences, while subjectivism incorporates assumptions of arts and humanities. • Objectivism embraces realism (the things of the world exists independently of us), while subjectivism is nominalist (the things we study are created by us).

  11. Research perspectives Whyareyoudingyourresearch: • Regulationperspective: ifyoufelltheneedfortheregualtion of human behaviour • Radicalchangeperspective: ifyoufundamentallyquestionthewaythingsaredone, and youwanttoofferhelptochangeit.

  12. Combining two dimension

  13. Major philosophies • Positivism (=direct realism): working with an observable social reality to produce law-like generalizations. • Critical realism: explains what we experience in terms of the underlying structures of reality. • Interpretivism: it studies humans created meanings. • Postmodernism: it questions the accepted ways of thinking and give voice to alternative ones. It emphasizes the role of language and power relations. • Pragmatism: concepts are only relevant when they are supporting action.

  14. Approaches to theory development

  15. Thanks for your attention

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