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BLOOD

BLOOD. WHAT IS IT?. BLOOD. Consists of two distinct elements: Plasma : fluid portion (55%) Water Dissolved gases: _____________________ Proteins Sugars Vitamins Minerals waste Formed : composed of cells (45%) Mostly red and white blood cells. Red Blood Cells.

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BLOOD

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  1. BLOOD WHAT IS IT?

  2. BLOOD • Consists of two distinct elements: • Plasma: fluid portion (55%) • Water • Dissolved gases: _____________________ • Proteins • Sugars • Vitamins • Minerals • waste • Formed: composed of cells (45%) • Mostly red and white blood cells.

  3. Red Blood Cells • Also called ERYTHROCYTES • Make of 44% of the 45% “formed” part of blood. • Specialized for ____________ transport. • Mature cell has no nucleus • Packed with respiratory pigment called HEMOGLOBIN: iron-containing molecule that binds with oxygen.

  4. Blood Colour is Determined by Different Respiratory Pigments • You may have noticed the different colours of fluid produced by ‘squished’ organisms... this is partially the reason:

  5. White Blood Cells • Also called LEUCOCYTES. • Make up only about 1% of blood volume. • Play a major role in helping body fight off pathogens. • HAVE NUCLEI!

  6. CENTRIFUGATION of a blood sample.

  7. Platelets • Not cells. • Fragments of cells from bone marrow. • Important role in clotting blood  protection from excessive blood loss after injury. • Steps to blood clotting (still not completely understood): • Blood vessel broken  substances released by broken blood vessels attract platelets  platelets rupture and chemicals released  thromboplastin (enzyme) is produced  reacts with prothrombin to produce thrombin  reacts with fibrinogen  fibrin. • Fibrin: insoluble material that forms a mesh of strands around an area of injury. • Traps escaping blood cells!

  8. Blood Plasma • Medium in which blood cells/platelets are suspended • Contains dissolved proteins which are important to all blood functions: • Red blood cell processes • White blood cell processes • Platelet processes, • Etc.

  9. Classwork/Homework • Read “Human Blood Groups” (page 300) and make detailed notes. • Complete the following SR questions (page 303) • #1, 2, 4, 8, 9, 11.

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