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Hayes-Tilden Compromise (Seriously?)

Hayes-Tilden Compromise (Seriously?). A ppt actually created by your teacher. Background … who was Tilden?. Samuel Tilden was a NY Attorney, leader of the NY Democratic Party and General Assembly in the 1860s and 1870s.

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Hayes-Tilden Compromise (Seriously?)

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  1. Hayes-Tilden Compromise(Seriously?) A ppt actually created by your teacher

  2. Background … who was Tilden? • Samuel Tilden was a NY Attorney, leader of the NY Democratic Party and General Assembly in the 1860s and 1870s. • Challenged “Boss” Tweed and the Tammany Hall political machine in the city. http://www.nndb.com/ NNDB web site – database that tracks important figures and their connections to others in society/history.

  3. Tammany Hall and Boss Tweed • William M. “Boss” Tweed was elected Chairman of Tammany Hall Political Machine in New York in 1863. • Basically controlled all Democratic nominees for all city positions. • Used “kickbacks” and provided positions in local government to make sure corruption was never an issue. • This included members of his payroll on local police forces, judges, magistrates and politicians. • Used power to award city contracts to those who helped make sure the “right people” were elected. http://www.nndb.com/

  4. Tilden receives an “assist” Thomas Nast was a cartoonist for Harper’s Weekly who took it upon himself to caricature Tweed as politically corrupt. Examples: http://cartoons.osu.edu/nast/images/tammany_tiger100.jpg Who are the women in the den? What do they represent? http://www.nevadaobserver.com/TNO%20Reference%20Page%20File/Thomas%20Nast%20Cartoons/The%20Rich%20Growing%20Richer.jpg Does the nature of this cartoon transcend NYC? How so? http://www.csub.edu/~gsantos/img0055.html Why are vultures such a strong symbol?

  5. (While we’re on Nast …) • Nast also took on the social injustices of the time period: • Jim Crow/Black Codes • Chinese Immigration Laws • Native American displacement (w/ cameos) • The Klan and other Racist movements in the South

  6. So, back to Tilden and Tweed • Two parts to bringing Tweed down: • 1. Public perception of Tweed dwindles w/ Nast’s cartoons. • 2. As part of the NY Assembly, Nast begins to impeach judges on Tweed’s payroll. Estimates show that Tweed cheated the NYC government out of as much as $200 million in 10 years.

  7. The aftermath • The first trial led to a hung jury (shock, right?) but a second jury found Tweed guilty and sentenced to him to 12 years. He served one. He was later arrested again and fled to Cuba and then Spain. He was extradited to the US and died in prison after two years. • Tilden becomes NY Governor and later exposes the Canal Ring – a group extorting money for canal repairs in New York state. • Chosen by the Democrats to run for president against Rutherford B. Hayes in 1876.

  8. How does a compromise lead to the presidency? • GILDED AGE … term penned by Mark Twain in a famous book of the time (follow link to Google Books version). GILDED – Gold plated but not golden on the inside. • During this period, corruption was the norm more than exception (see Hall, Tammany) • President Grant allowed Jim Fisk and Jay Gould to single-handedly drive the price of gold so high the market burst on September 24, 1869 – will lead to inflation and the long term cause of the economic panic of 1873.

  9. Railroad Speculation! • As the rail lines moved west, more and more shady deals drove up the price of land around those lines. • As speculators drove up the prices, the actual land depreciated in value. • Jay Cooke controlled bond investments from Philadelphia bank for new rail lines and also Union war bonds. • Inflationary rates, coupled w/ depreciated land value led to many people defaulting on loan/bond repayments. The impending recession would last until 1878.

  10. What’s the common theme? NO ONE IS TAKING RESPONSIBILITY! Government intervention is non-existent. It follows a pattern of Laissez-faire government If economic and political decisions that affect the whole country are being made behind closed doors, why not the presidency, too?

  11. What was the Hayes-Tilden Compromise? • What was at stake? • Who made the decision? • What was the short-term decision? • What was the long-term effects? • Read AmPag 511-527 for next class. We will begin a major class project at that point. It will encompass all of Chapter 23 as well as Chapter 24. Also note the class links in the history file at the program website.

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